ISM, UMR CNRS N degrees 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 3305 Talence Cedex, France.
Molecules. 2010 Jul 20;15(7):4947-60. doi: 10.3390/molecules15074947.
This article is an account of the work carried out in the authors' laboratory illustrating the usefulness of dendrimer design for nanoparticle palladium catalysis. The "click" synthesis of dendrimers constructed generation by generation by 1-->3 C connectivity, introduces 1,2,3-triazolyl ligands insides the dendrimers at each generation. Complexation of the ligands by Pd(II) followed by reduction to Pd(0) forms dendrimer-stabilized Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) that are extremely reactive in the catalysis of olefin hydrogenation and C-C bond coupling reactions. The stabilization can be outer-dendritic for the small zeroth-generation dendrimer or intra-dendritic for the larger first- and second-generation dendrimers. The example of the Miyaura-Suzuki reaction that can be catalyzed by down to 1 ppm of PdNPs with a "homeopathic" mechanism (the less, the better) is illustrated here, including catalysis in aqueous solvents.
本文是作者实验室工作的记录，展示了树枝状大分子设计在纳米钯催化中的应用。通过 1-->3 C 连接，逐代构建的“点击”合成树枝状大分子，在每个代中引入 1,2,3-三唑基配体在树枝状大分子内部。配体与 Pd(II)的络合，随后还原为 Pd(0)，形成树枝状大分子稳定的 Pd 纳米颗粒（PdNPs），在烯烃氢化和 C-C 键偶联反应的催化中具有极高的反应活性。这种稳定可以是零代小树枝状大分子的外部树枝状，也可以是第一代和第二代较大树枝状大分子的内部树枝状。这里举例说明了米雅拉-铃木反应，该反应可以在低至 1ppm 的 PdNPs 催化下进行，具有顺势疗法机制（越少越好），包括在水溶剂中的催化。
