Alvesalo L, Tammisalo E, Townsend G
Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland.
J Dent Res. 1991 Jul;70(7):1057-60. doi: 10.1177/00220345910700070801.
Enamel and dentin thicknesses were measured in permanent tooth crowns of 47,XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) males. In 47,XXY males, enamel thickness in maxillary central incisors was significantly greater than that in control males or females, and dentin thickness in incisors and canines was significantly greater than that in control females, but smaller than that in normal males. These findings confirm the concept that human dental growth is affected by sex chromosomes. Amelogenesis is promoted by both X and Y chromosome genes, and sexual dimorphism in average tooth size is evidently determined by a promoting effect of the Y chromosome on dentin growth, probably through cell proliferation. This effect can also explain sex predilection for males in the numbers of supernumerary and ordinary teeth.
对47,XXY（克兰费尔特综合征）男性的恒牙冠进行了釉质和牙本质厚度测量。在47,XXY男性中，上颌中切牙的釉质厚度显著大于对照组男性或女性，切牙和尖牙的牙本质厚度显著大于对照组女性，但小于正常男性。这些发现证实了人类牙齿生长受性染色体影响这一概念。釉质形成受X和Y染色体基因共同促进，平均牙齿大小的性别差异显然是由Y染色体对牙本质生长的促进作用决定的，可能是通过细胞增殖实现的。这种作用也可以解释多生牙和恒牙数量上男性的性别偏好。
