Pierce K V, McCain B B, Wellings S R
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1978 Jun;60(6):1445-53. doi: 10.1093/jnci/60.6.1445.
Liver abnormalities were found, by gross and histopathologic examination, in 92% of the English sole (Parophrys vetulus) from the Duwamish River Estuary, Seattle, Washington. Hepatomas were found in 32% (20 of 62) of the English sole. Other observed liver aberrations included increased fatty vacuolation, congestion, structure disarray, increased size and number of melanin-macrophage centers, centrolobular fatty degeneration and necrosis, increased amounts of perivascular connective tissue, intercellular melanin deposits, and hepatocellular hypertrophy often associated with the presence of bizarre nuclei and/or multiple nucleoli. Livers evidencing microscopic lesions were usually discolored. Livers containing hepatomas were often mottled yellow or tan and brown; occasionally, hepatomas were visible as tan or white nodules. Although the cause(s) of the liver abnormalities has not been conclusively identified, chemical analyses of Duwamish River English sole have detected polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels of about 1.5 ppm (dry wt) in total body tissue. Many of the above-mentioned abnormalities, with the exception of hepatomas, have been observed in fish exposed to PCB's.
通过大体和组织病理学检查发现，华盛顿州西雅图市杜瓦米什河河口的92%的英国鲽（Parophrys vetulus）存在肝脏异常。在62条英国鲽中有32%（20条）发现了肝癌。观察到的其他肝脏异常包括脂肪空泡增加、充血、结构紊乱、黑色素巨噬细胞中心的大小和数量增加、小叶中心性脂肪变性和坏死、血管周围结缔组织增多、细胞间黑色素沉积以及肝细胞肥大，常伴有怪异核和/或多个核仁。有微观病变的肝脏通常变色。含有肝癌的肝脏常呈斑驳的黄色、棕褐色或棕色；偶尔，肝癌可见为棕褐色或白色结节。尽管尚未最终确定肝脏异常的原因，但对杜瓦米什河英国鲽的化学分析检测到其全身组织中的多氯联苯（PCB）水平约为1.5 ppm（干重）。除肝癌外，上述许多异常在接触多氯联苯的鱼类中也有观察到。
