矢状下颌骨发育对清醒时咽气道通道尺寸的影响。
Sagittal mandibular development effects on the dimensions of the awake pharyngeal airway passage.
机构信息
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
出版信息
Angle Orthod. 2010 Nov;80(6):1061-7. doi: 10.2319/030210-125.1.
OBJECTIVE
To test the hypothesis that sagittal mandibular development has no effects on the dimensions of the awake pharyngeal airway passage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ninety-one subjects (age 15-25 years) with a normal vertical growth pattern of the mandible, normally positioned maxilla, and various sagittal mandibular developments were divided into three groups based on the sagittal mandibular development. Group I included 37 subjects who had a normally positioned mandible (76 degrees < or = angle between 'S,' 'N,' and 'B'; it represents the antero-posterior position of the maxilla in relation to the anterior cranial base [SNB] < or = 82 degrees ), Group II included 31 subjects in whom the mandible was retrognathic (SNB < 76 degrees ), and Group III included 23 subjects in whom the mandible was prognathic (SNB > 82 degrees ) in relation to the anterior cranial base. Lateral cephalograms were traced manually to evaluate the pharyngeal airway passage.
RESULTS
The length of the soft palate was significantly smaller in mandibular prognathism subjects than in subjects with mandibular retrognathism (P < .01). The thickness of the soft palate was significantly greater among subjects with mandibular prognathism than in subjects with normal (P < .01) and retrognathic (P < .001) mandibular development. The sagittal mandibular development had no effect on the dimensions of the nasopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal airway passage. The depth of the oropharynx was comparable among the subjects with normal and retrognathic mandibles but was greater (P < .001) among subjects with mandibular prognathism.
CONCLUSIONS
The hypothesis is rejected. Sagittal mandibular development had significant effects on the dimensions of the awake pharyngeal airway passage.
目的
验证下颌矢状向发育对清醒时咽腔气道径线大小无影响的假说。
材料与方法
91 例（15-25 岁）垂直骨面型正常、上颌位置正常、下颌矢状向发育不同的患者，根据下颌矢状向发育情况分为三组。Ⅰ组：下颌位置正常组（颏前点（S）、鼻根点（N）、下齿槽座点（B）连线与 S-N 连线所形成的角为 76°，代表上颌相对于前颅底的前后向位置；SNB 角≥82°），37 例；Ⅱ组：下颌后缩组（SNB<76°），31 例；Ⅲ组：下颌前突组（SNB>82°），23 例。均行侧位头颅定位片，手工描图测量咽腔气道的各项指标。
结果
下颌前突组患者的软腭长度明显小于下颌后缩组（P<0.01），软腭厚度明显大于下颌后缩组（P<0.01）和下颌位置正常组（P<0.001）。下颌矢状向发育对鼻咽、口咽气道径线无影响。下颌位置正常组与下颌后缩组的腭咽腔深度无差异，但均大于下颌前突组（P<0.001）。
结论
该假说不成立。下颌矢状向发育对上气道的径线大小有显著影响。
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