Menéndez Clara, Castellsagué Xavier, Renom Montse, Sacarlal Jahit, Quintó Llorenç, Lloveras Belen, Klaustermeier Joellen, Kornegay Janet R, Sigauque Betuel, Bosch F Xavier, Alonso Pedro L
Manhiça Health Research Center, Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique.
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2010;2010. doi: 10.1155/2010/609315. Epub 2010 Jul 11.
There is limited information on the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and the prevalence of cervical neoplasia in rural sub-Saharan Africa. This study describes the prevalence and the etiology of STIs and the prevalence of cervical neoplasia among women in southern Mozambique. An age-stratified cross-sectional study was performed where 262 women aged 14 to 61 years were recruited at the antenatal clinic (59%), the family-planning clinic (7%), and from the community (34%). At least one active STI was diagnosed in 79% of women. Trichomonas vaginalis was present in 31% of all study participants. The prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis were 14% and 8%, respectively, and Syphilis was diagnosed in 12% of women. HPV DNA was detected in 40% of women and cervical neoplasia was diagnosed in 12% of all women. Risk factors associated with the presence of some of the STIs were being divorced or widowed, having more than one sexual partner and having the partner living in another area. A higher prevalence was observed in the reproductive age group and some of the STIs were more frequently diagnosed in pregnant women. STI control programs are a priority to reduce the STIs burden, including HIV and cervical neoplasia.
关于撒哈拉以南非洲农村地区性传播感染的患病率以及宫颈肿瘤的患病率，相关信息有限。本研究描述了莫桑比克南部女性中性传播感染的患病率及病因，以及宫颈肿瘤的患病率。开展了一项年龄分层横断面研究，在产前诊所招募了262名年龄在14至61岁之间的女性（占59%），在计划生育诊所招募了部分女性（占7%），并从社区招募了部分女性（占34%）。79%的女性被诊断出至少有一种活动性性传播感染。所有研究参与者中，31%感染了阴道毛滴虫。淋病奈瑟菌和沙眼衣原体的患病率分别为14%和8%，12%的女性被诊断出患有梅毒。40%的女性检测出人乳头瘤病毒DNA，所有女性中有12%被诊断出患有宫颈肿瘤。与某些性传播感染存在相关的风险因素包括离婚或丧偶、有多个性伴侣以及伴侣居住在其他地区。在育龄组中观察到较高的患病率，一些性传播感染在孕妇中更频繁地被诊断出来。性传播感染控制项目是减轻性传播感染负担（包括艾滋病毒和宫颈肿瘤）的优先事项。
