Mental Health Department ASL TO 4, Mental Health Centre, Via Blatta 10, 10034 Chivasso, Italy.
Compr Psychiatry. 2010 Sep-Oct;51(5):538-45. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.02.003. Epub 2010 Mar 29.
As yet, the relation between personality traits and impulsiveness has not been investigated in subjects affected by generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
A sample of 79 subjects with a diagnosis of GAD has been assessed at intake with Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), and with Temperament and Character Inventory. Comorbidity with cluster A or B personality disorders was excluded.
A multiple linear regression has identified 3 variables as independent predictors of impulsiveness: novelty seeking (NS) and reward dependence (RD) as for temperament and self-directedness (SD) as for character. Predictor analysis of the 3 subscales of BIS-11 showed that a higher NS is a predictor of all 3 subscales of BIS-11, whereas a higher RD is a protective factor for the attentive impulsiveness, and a low SD is predictive of a greater nonplanned impulsiveness. The CGI severity index is directly related to motor impulsiveness.
Preliminary results showed that in subjects with GAD only the motor component of impulsivity seems directly related to clinical severity, whereas impulsiveness is predicted by higher levels of 2 temperamental dimensions that are influenced by dopamine and norepinephrine systems and by weakness of character.
Subjects with GAD showed an interesting variability in NS. Differences in levels of NS and of other temperament (RD) and character (SD) dimensions seem related to different degrees of behavioral inhibition and to a different impact of the cognitive components of impulsiveness. Clinical implications are discussed.
迄今为止，人格特质与冲动性之间的关系尚未在广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）患者中进行研究。
在摄入时，对 79 名 GAD 诊断患者进行了临床总体印象（CGI）、巴雷特冲动量表（BIS-11）和气质与性格特征量表的评估。排除了与 A 或 B 型人格障碍共病的情况。
多元线性回归确定了 3 个变量作为冲动性的独立预测因子：寻求新奇（NS）和奖励依赖（RD）作为气质，自我导向（SD）作为性格。对 BIS-11 的 3 个分量表的预测分析表明，较高的 NS 是 BIS-11 的所有 3 个分量表的预测因子，而较高的 RD 是注意力冲动的保护因素，较低的 SD 是无计划冲动的预测因子。CGI 严重指数与运动冲动性直接相关。
初步结果表明，在 GAD 患者中，只有冲动的运动成分似乎与临床严重程度直接相关，而冲动性是由多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素系统影响的 2 种气质维度（NS）和性格（RD 和 SD）的较高水平预测的。
GAD 患者的 NS 表现出有趣的变异性。NS 水平以及其他气质（RD）和性格（SD）维度的差异似乎与不同程度的行为抑制以及冲动的认知成分的不同影响有关。讨论了临床意义。
