Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Chemical Immunology Research Center, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, 6431 Fannin, MSB 2.230A, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2010 Sep;9(9):1027-43. doi: 10.1586/erv.10.77.
Traditional HIV vaccine approaches have proved ineffective because the immunodominant viral epitopes are mutable and the conserved epitopes necessary for infection are not sufficiently immunogenic. The CD4 binding site expressed by the HIV envelope protein of glycoprotein 120 is essential for viral entry into host cells. In this article, we review the B-cell superantigenic character of the CD4 binding site as the cause of its poor immunogenicity. We summarize evidence supporting development of covalent immunization as the first vaccine strategy with the potential to induce an antibody response to a conserved HIV epitope that neutralizes genetically divergent HIV strains.
传统的 HIV 疫苗方法已被证明无效，因为免疫显性病毒表位是多变的，而感染所需的保守表位则没有足够的免疫原性。HIV 包膜蛋白糖蛋白 120 表达的 CD4 结合位点是病毒进入宿主细胞所必需的。本文综述了 CD4 结合位点的 B 细胞超抗原特性是其免疫原性差的原因。我们总结了支持共价免疫的证据，作为第一种疫苗策略，该策略有可能诱导针对保守 HIV 表位的抗体反应，该表位能中和遗传上不同的 HIV 株。
