University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29203, USA.
Scand J Public Health. 2010 Nov;38(7):748-55. doi: 10.1177/1403494810382471. Epub 2010 Sep 7.
The aim of this study was to determine the associations between the level of HIV knowledge, HIV-related risk behaviours, and HIV status among persons receiving voluntary counselling and testing services in Tallinn, Estonia.
A cross-sectional study design was used.
A total of 772 subjects completed a 47-item questionnaire gathering information on demographics, HIV-related risk behaviours, and HIV-related knowledge. Participant's HIV status was determined by an anonymous rapid test. Only incident HIV cases were included in regression analyses. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) modelling evaluated associations between HIV knowledge and high-risk behaviours while multivariable logistic regression assessed association between HIV status and HIV knowledge.
The final ANCOVA model indicates that HIV risk behaviours are significantly associated with HIV knowledge (p = 0.01). Compared to participants with no identified high-risk behaviour, the adjusted mean score of HIV knowledge was higher among persons sharing injection equipment (p = 0.05), and persons engaging in unprotected heterosexual intercourse (p = 0.03); there was no statistical difference observed among men engaging in unprotected sex with other men. Women had higher mean scores than men (p = 0.01) and persons of ''other'' ethnicities had a higher mean knowledge score than ethnic Estonians (p = 0.01) and Russians (p < 0.01). Logistic regression indicated that mean knowledge was higher among participants who tested HIV positive (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.12-1.87).
In this sample, higher knowledge scores were not associated with lower infection rates. These results indicate the importance of targeting all high-risk groups in HIV prevention and education programmes.
本研究旨在确定爱沙尼亚塔林自愿咨询检测服务中艾滋病毒知识水平、艾滋病毒相关风险行为与艾滋病毒状况之间的关系。
采用横断面研究设计。
共有 772 名受试者完成了一份包含人口统计学、艾滋病毒相关风险行为和相关知识的 47 项问卷。通过匿名快速检测确定参与者的艾滋病毒状况。仅包括新发生的艾滋病毒病例进行回归分析。协方差分析(ANCOVA)模型评估了艾滋病毒知识与高危行为之间的关联,而多变量逻辑回归评估了艾滋病毒状况与艾滋病毒知识之间的关联。
最终的 ANCOVA 模型表明,艾滋病毒风险行为与艾滋病毒知识显著相关(p = 0.01)。与没有确定的高危行为的参与者相比,共用注射器具的参与者(p = 0.05)和从事无保护异性性行为的参与者(p = 0.03)的艾滋病毒知识调整平均得分较高;与从事无保护同性性行为的男性相比,无统计学差异。女性的平均得分高于男性(p = 0.01),而“其他”种族的人比爱沙尼亚人和俄罗斯人(p < 0.01)的平均知识得分更高。逻辑回归表明,艾滋病毒检测呈阳性的参与者的平均知识得分较高(OR = 1.42;95% CI = 1.12-1.87)。
在本样本中,较高的知识得分与较低的感染率无关。这些结果表明,在艾滋病毒预防和教育计划中,必须针对所有高危群体。