Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010 Oct;58(10):1946-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03059.x. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
To evaluate the effects of a trail-walking exercise (TWE) program on the rate of falls in community-dwelling older adults.
Pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT).
This trial was conducted in Japan and involved community-dwelling older adults as participants.
Sixty participants randomized into a TWE group (n=30) and a walking (W) group (n=30).
Exercise class combined with multicomponent trail walking program, versus exercise class combined with simple indoor walking program.
Measurement was based on the difference in fall rates between the TWE and W groups.
Six months after the intervention, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of falls for the TWE group compared with the W group was 0.20 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.04-0.91); 12 months after the intervention, the IRR of falls for the TWE group compared with the W group was 0.45 (95% CI=0.16-1.77).
The results of this pilot RCT suggest that the TWE program was more effective in improving locomotion and cognitive performance under trail-walking task conditions than walking. In addition, participants who took part in the TWE demonstrated a decrease in the incidence rate of falls 6 months after trial completion. Further confirmation is needed, but this preliminary result may promote a new understanding of accidental falls in older adults.
评估步道行走锻炼（TWE）方案对社区居住老年人跌倒率的影响。
试点随机对照试验（RCT）。
本试验在日本进行，社区居住老年人为参与者。
60 名参与者随机分为 TWE 组（n=30）和步行（W）组（n=30）。
运动课结合多成分步道行走方案，与运动课结合简单室内行走方案。
测量基于 TWE 组和 W 组跌倒率的差异。
干预 6 个月后，TWE 组与 W 组跌倒的发生率比（IRR）为 0.20（95%置信区间（CI）=0.04-0.91）；干预 12 个月后，TWE 组与 W 组跌倒的 IRR 为 0.45（95% CI=0.16-1.77）。
本试点 RCT 的结果表明，TWE 方案在改善步道行走任务条件下的运动和认知表现方面比步行更有效。此外，完成试验后 6 个月，参与 TWE 的参与者跌倒发生率下降。需要进一步证实，但这一初步结果可能促进对老年人意外跌倒的新认识。
