Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Genes Dev. 2010 Sep 15;24(18):1967-2000. doi: 10.1101/gad.1965810.
Despite much recent progress, prostate cancer continues to represent a major cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity in men. Since early studies on the role of the androgen receptor that led to the advent of androgen deprivation therapy in the 1940s, there has long been intensive interest in the basic mechanisms underlying prostate cancer initiation and progression, as well as the potential to target these processes for therapeutic intervention. Here, we present an overview of major themes in prostate cancer research, focusing on current knowledge of principal events in cancer initiation and progression. We discuss recent advances, including new insights into the mechanisms of castration resistance, identification of stem cells and tumor-initiating cells, and development of mouse models for preclinical evaluation of novel therapuetics. Overall, we highlight the tremendous research progress made in recent years, and underscore the challenges that lie ahead.
尽管近年来取得了很大进展，但前列腺癌仍然是男性癌症相关死亡和发病的主要原因。自上世纪 40 年代早期关于雄激素受体作用的研究导致雄激素剥夺疗法问世以来，人们一直对前列腺癌发生和发展的基本机制以及针对这些过程进行治疗干预的潜力有着浓厚的兴趣。在这里，我们介绍了前列腺癌研究的主要主题，重点介绍了癌症发生和发展过程中主要事件的现有知识。我们讨论了最近的进展，包括对去势抵抗机制的新见解、干细胞和肿瘤起始细胞的鉴定，以及用于新型治疗药物临床前评估的小鼠模型的开发。总的来说，我们强调了近年来取得的巨大研究进展，并强调了未来的挑战。
