Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, 603 E. Daniel St., Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2010 Dec;14(Suppl 2):239-49. doi: 10.1007/s10461-010-9801-1.
Changing HIV-related behaviors requires addressing the individual, dyadic, and structural influences that shape them. This supplement of AIDS & Behavior presents frameworks that integrate these three influences on behavior. Concepts from these frameworks were selected to model the processes by which structural factors affect individual HIV-related behavior. In the Inclusion/Exclusion Model, material and symbolic inclusions and exclusions (sharing versus denying resources) regulate individuals' ability and motivation to detect, prevent, and treat HIV. Structural interventions create inclusions that increase one's ability or motivation to perform these behaviors or exclusions that hinder one's ability or motivation to execute counterproductive behaviors. The need to expand research regarding multilevel influences on HIV-related behavior is also discussed, particularly concerning further understanding of sustained behavior change and effective dissemination of evidence-based intervention strategies.
改变与艾滋病毒相关的行为需要解决影响这些行为的个体、伴侣和结构因素。本《艾滋病与行为》增刊介绍了整合这三种行为影响的框架。这些框架中的概念被选来模拟结构因素影响个体与艾滋病毒相关行为的过程。在包容/排斥模型中，物质和象征性的包容和排斥（共享与否认资源）调节着个体发现、预防和治疗艾滋病毒的能力和动机。结构性干预措施创造包容，增加一个人执行这些行为的能力或动机，或者创造排斥，阻碍一个人执行适得其反的行为的能力或动机。还讨论了扩大关于艾滋病毒相关行为的多层次影响的研究的必要性，特别是进一步了解持续的行为改变和有效传播基于证据的干预策略。
