饲粮添加禽脂、植酸酶和 25-羟胆钙化醇对在产蛋前或产蛋初期接种 F 株鸡毒支原体商业蛋鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响

Influence of supplemental dietary poultry fat, phytase, and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the egg characteristics of commercial layers inoculated before or at the onset of lay with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum.

机构信息

Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2010 Oct;89(10):2078-82. doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-00780.

DOI:10.3382/ps.2010-00780

PMID:20852097

Abstract

The effects of supplemental dietary poultry fat (PF), phytase (PHY), and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (D3) on the egg characteristics of commercial layers inoculated with F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum (FMG) were investigated in 2 trials. Sham and FMG inoculations were administered at 12 (before lay) and 22 (onset of lay) wk and 4 dietary treatments [basal control diet (BCD); BCD with 0.75% supplemental PF; BCD with 1.50% supplemental PF; BCD with 1.50% supplemental PF, 0.013% PHY, and 0.025% D3] were initiated at 20 wk of age. Percentages of albumen, yolk, and eggshell weights; yolk:albumen ratio; yolk moisture and lipid concentrations; and eggshell weight per unit of surface area were determined at 24, 34, 44, 50, and 58 wk of age. Inoculation with FMG reduced yolk lipid concentration at wk 24 and increased yolk moisture concentration at wk 58. In birds inoculated on wk 22, percentage of yolk weight was lower in those inoculated with FMG compared with those that were sham-inoculated. Yolk:albumen ratio was lower in birds that were FMG-inoculated at 22 wk of age compared with those that were sham-inoculated at the same age or that were FMG-inoculated at 12 wk of age. Percentage of yolk weight was greater in birds inoculated at wk 22 and fed the BCD with 1.50% supplemental PF treatment compared with those inoculated at wk 22 and fed the BCD or BCD with 1.50% supplemental PF, 0.013% PHY, and 0.025% D3 treatments and compared with birds inoculated at wk 12 and fed the BCD with 0.75% supplemental PF treatment. In conclusion, inoculation with FMG before or at the onset of lay caused a decrease in yolk lipid content early in lay but an increase in yolk moisture late in lay, and FMG reduced percentage of yolk weight in birds inoculated on wk 22. Furthermore, when used in combination with added 1.50% PF in birds inoculated on wk 22, supplementary PHY and D3 prevented an increase in percentage of yolk weight that occurred in response to diets supplemented only with 1.50% PF.

摘要

在两项试验中，研究了补充家禽脂肪（PF）、植酸酶（PHY）和 25-羟胆钙化醇（D3）对接种 F 株鸡支原体（FMG）的商业蛋鸡的蛋特性的影响。在 12 周龄（产蛋前）和 22 周龄（产蛋开始时）进行了假接种和 FMG 接种，并在 20 周龄时开始使用 4 种日粮处理[基础对照日粮（BCD）；BCD 中添加 0.75%补充 PF；BCD 中添加 1.50%补充 PF；BCD 中添加 1.50%补充 PF、0.013% PHY 和 0.025% D3]。在 24、34、44、50 和 58 周龄时测定了蛋白、蛋黄和蛋壳重量的百分比；蛋黄：蛋白比；蛋黄水分和脂质浓度；蛋壳单位表面积重量。在接种 FMG 的情况下，第 24 周时蛋黄脂质浓度降低，第 58 周时蛋黄水分浓度增加。在第 22 周接种的鸟类中，与假接种的鸟类相比，接种 FMG 的鸟类的蛋黄重量百分比较低。在 22 周龄时接种 FMG 的鸟类的蛋黄：蛋白比低于同一年龄的假接种鸟类或 12 周龄时接种 FMG 的鸟类。与第 22 周接种且喂食 BCD 或 BCD 加 1.50%补充 PF、0.013% PHY 和 0.025% D3 处理的鸟类相比，第 22 周接种且喂食 BCD 加 1.50%补充 PF 处理的鸟类的蛋黄重量百分比更高，且与第 12 周接种且喂食 BCD 加 0.75%补充 PF 处理的鸟类相比。总之，在产蛋前或产蛋开始时接种 FMG 会导致产蛋早期蛋黄脂质含量降低，但产蛋后期蛋黄水分含量增加，且在第 22 周接种的鸟类中，FMG 降低了蛋黄重量的百分比。此外，当与在第 22 周接种时添加的 1.50% PF 联合使用时，补充 PHY 和 D3 可防止仅添加 1.50% PF 的日粮引起的蛋黄重量百分比增加。