Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China.
J Mol Histol. 2010 Dec;41(6):325-32. doi: 10.1007/s10735-010-9294-2. Epub 2010 Sep 21.
The synergetic process of folliculogenesis is mainly regulated by GDF-9 and BMP-15 as well as their receptors, such as BMPR2, TβR1 and BMPR1B. Expressions of these factors and the receptors are significant different among species. This study was designed to detect expression of GDF-9, BMP-15 and their receptors in mouse, porcine and human healthy follicles by immunohistochemistry. Three ages of human ovary were studied according to ovarian developmental schedule, i.e. gestational week (GW) 16, puberty (14 year-old) and adult (40 year-old). The results showed that both GDF-9 and BMP-15 were detectable in oocytes from primary follicles onward, besides, BMP-15 also presented in granulosa cells (GCs) and follicular follicle of mature follicles in mouse. However, they were maintained in oocytes and GCs from primordial to mature follicles in porcine except that GDF-9 was undetectable in GCs of mature follicles. For human ovary, GDF-9 presented in oocytes of primordial follicles in all samples, whereas BMP-15 was only observed in primordial follicle of adult ovary. Receptors, BMPR2, TβR1 and BMPR1B were found in oocytes and GCs of all follicles in mouse and porcine. In human, they were stained in oocytes from primordial follices but BMPR1B was not expressed in pubertal primordial follicles. Furthermore, we found that GDF-9, BMP-15 and three receptors distributed in adult corpus lutea. Collectively, our studies suggested that GDF-9, BMP-15 and their receptors might correlate with primordial follicular recruitment in pig and human. Positive expression of the receptors (BMPR2, TβR1 and BMPR1B)in primordial follicles of mouse ovaries indicated that these receptors might interact with others ligands besides GDF-9 and BMP-15 to regulate primordial follicular activity in mouse. Moreover, presence of GDF-9 in oocytes and BMP-15 in oocytes and GCs of mature follicles from mice and porcine elucidated coordinated roles of GDF-9 and BMP-15 in cumulus oophorus expansion. Additionally, expression of these factors in adult human corpus lutea suggested they play roles in corpus luteum activity.
卵泡发生的协同过程主要受 GDF-9 和 BMP-15 以及它们的受体（如 BMPR2、TβR1 和 BMPR1B）调节。这些因子和受体的表达在物种间存在显著差异。本研究旨在通过免疫组织化学方法检测小鼠、猪和人健康卵泡中 GDF-9、BMP-15 及其受体的表达。根据卵巢发育时间表，研究了人类卵巢的三个年龄组，即妊娠周（GW）16、青春期（14 岁）和成年（40 岁）。结果表明，GDF-9 和 BMP-15 均可在初级卵泡的卵母细胞中检测到，此外，BMP-15 也存在于小鼠的颗粒细胞（GCs）和成熟卵泡的卵泡中。然而，它们在猪的原始卵泡到成熟卵泡的卵母细胞和 GCs 中都有维持，除了 GDF-9 在成熟卵泡的 GCs 中不可检测到。对于人类卵巢，GDF-9 在所有样本的原始卵泡卵母细胞中均有表达，而 BMP-15 仅在成年卵巢的原始卵泡中观察到。在小鼠和猪的所有卵泡的卵母细胞和 GCs 中均发现了受体 BMPR2、TβR1 和 BMPR1B。在人类中，它们在原始卵泡的卵母细胞中被染色，但 BMPR1B 未在青春期的原始卵泡中表达。此外，我们发现 GDF-9、BMP-15 和三个受体分布在成人黄体中。总的来说，我们的研究表明，GDF-9、BMP-15 和它们的受体可能与猪和人类的原始卵泡募集有关。在小鼠卵巢的原始卵泡中，受体（BMPR2、TβR1 和 BMPR1B）的阳性表达表明，这些受体可能与 GDF-9 和 BMP-15 以外的其他配体相互作用，以调节小鼠原始卵泡的活性。此外，GDF-9 在卵母细胞中的存在和 BMP-15 在小鼠和猪的成熟卵泡的卵母细胞和 GCs 中的存在说明了 GDF-9 和 BMP-15 在卵丘扩展中的协同作用。此外，这些因子在成人黄体中的表达表明它们在黄体功能中发挥作用。
