Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010 Sep-Oct;86(5):400-4. doi: 10.2223/JPED.2025. Epub 2010 Sep 23.
To examine the prevalence of under and overreporting of energy intake in adolescents and their associated factors.
Cross-sectional study with 96 postpubertal adolescents (47 normal-weight and 49 obese), mean age of 16.6±1.3 years. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index was calculated. Body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intake was evaluated by a 3-day dietary record. Biochemical assessment was performed (serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, plasma glucose, and insulin). Underreporters reported energy intake < 1.35 x basal metabolic rate (BMR), whereas overreporters reported energy intake > 2.4 x BMR.
Energy intake misreporting (under or overreporting) was identified in 65.6% of adolescents (64.6 and 1% of under and overreporting, respectively). Obese adolescents were 5.0 times more likely to underreport energy intake (95%CI 2.0-12.7) than normal-weight participants. Underreporters showed higher rates of insufficient intake of carbohydrate (19.3 vs. 12.1%, p = 0.046) and lipids (11.3 vs. 0%, p < 0.001) than plausible reporters. Cholesterol intake was also lower in underreporters (p = 0.017). There were no significant differences in body composition and biochemical parameters in relation to misreporting.
The results obtained demonstrated a high percentage of misreporting of energy intake among adolescents, especially among obese subjects, which suggests that energy-adjusted nutrient intake values should be employed in diet-disease risk analysis in order to contribute to a reduction in errors associated with misreporting.
调查青少年能量摄入低估和高估的流行情况及其相关因素。
横断面研究，纳入 96 名青春期后青少年（47 名体重正常和 49 名肥胖），平均年龄 16.6±1.3 岁。测量体重和身高，并计算体重指数。通过双能 X 射线吸收法评估身体成分。通过 3 天饮食记录评估饮食摄入。进行生化评估（血清总胆固醇、LDL-胆固醇、HDL-胆固醇、血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素）。低估者报告的能量摄入<1.35 x 基础代谢率（BMR），而高估者报告的能量摄入>2.4 x BMR。
65.6%的青少年存在能量摄入错误报告（低估或高估）（分别为 64.6%和 1%）。肥胖青少年低估能量摄入的可能性是体重正常参与者的 5.0 倍（95%CI 2.0-12.7）。低估者碳水化合物（19.3%比 12.1%，p=0.046）和脂类（11.3%比 0%，p<0.001）的摄入量不足的比例较高。低估者的胆固醇摄入量也较低（p=0.017）。在错误报告方面，身体成分和生化参数没有显著差异。
研究结果表明，青少年能量摄入错误报告的比例较高，尤其是肥胖青少年，这提示在进行饮食-疾病风险分析时应采用能量校正后的营养素摄入量值，以减少错误报告带来的误差。
