Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, K. U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Chem Soc Rev. 2010 Dec;39(12):5051-66. doi: 10.1039/c0cs00080a. Epub 2010 Nov 1.
This critical review article discusses the characterization of heterogeneous catalysts by UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy and microscopy with special emphasis on transition metal ion containing catalysts. A review is given of the transitions, that can be observed in the UV-VIS-NIR region and the peculiarities of catalytic solids that have to be taken into account. This is followed by a short discussion of the techniques that have been developed over the years: diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, UV-VIS microscopy, in situ or operando spectroscopy, the combination of UV-VIS spectroscopy with other spectroscopic techniques, with chemometrics and with quantum chemistry. In the third part of this paper four successes of UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy and microscopy are discussed; (1) coordination of transition metal ions to surface oxygens; (2) quantitative determination of the oxidation states of transition metal ions; (3) characterization of active sites and (4) study of the distribution of transition metal ions and carbocations in catalytic bodies, particles and crystals (104 references).
这篇评论文章讨论了通过紫外可见近红外光谱和显微镜对多相催化剂进行表征的方法，特别强调了含过渡金属离子的催化剂。综述了在紫外可见近红外区域可以观察到的跃迁以及需要考虑的催化固体的特性。接着简要讨论了多年来开发的技术：漫反射光谱、紫外可见显微镜、原位或在线光谱、将紫外可见光谱与其他光谱技术、化学计量学和量子化学相结合。在本文的第三部分，讨论了紫外可见近红外光谱和显微镜的四个成功应用实例：（1）过渡金属离子与表面氧配位；（2）过渡金属离子氧化态的定量测定；（3）活性位的表征；（4）在催化体、颗粒和晶体中过渡金属离子和碳正离子的分布研究（引用 104 篇文献）。
