Service des maladies infectieuses, CHR Orléans La Source, Orleans, France.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010 Nov;29(11):994-8.
Schools are a source of epidemic seasonal dissemination-in particular gastroenteritis among children and the general population. We assessed the impact of an alcohol-based sanitizer on gastroenteritis and its subsequent consequences.
A study was conducted in 2 primary schools over a 17-week period, before and throughout the seasonal gastroenteritis period. The intervention, under strict teacher supervision and in a realistic and long lasting manner, consisted of 1 school rubbing an alcohol-based sanitizer into the hands of the school children. The primary outcome was the proportion of children without any occurrence of gastroenteritis during the study period both in the treated group and the control group, which were 2 separate schools. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the hazard ratio. Secondary outcomes were the number of gastroenteritis episodes, doctor appointments, absenteeism, and working days lost by a parent.
Four thousand six hundred fifty-four weekly questionnaires were collected. One hundred fifty-five children presented with at least 1 occurrence of gastroenteritis during the study period: 64 of 259 in the treatment group and 91 of 217 in the control group (χ2 = 16.4, P < 0.0001). The instantaneous risk of primary infection, at any time of the study, for children receiving the treatment was multiplied by 0.52 (95% CI: [0.37,0.71]) compared with children not receiving the treatment. The average number of gastroenteritis episodes was 0.31 in the treatment group and 0.53 in the control group (P < 0.001).
Systematic and controlled use of alcohol-based sanitizers during the epidemic season could significantly reduce the incidence of gastroenteritis in primary school children.
学校是季节性传染病传播的源头，尤其是儿童和普通人群中的肠胃炎。我们评估了酒精基消毒剂对肠胃炎及其后续后果的影响。
在 17 周的时间里，在季节性肠胃炎期间之前和期间，在 2 所小学进行了一项研究。干预措施在严格的教师监督下，以现实和持久的方式进行，包括 1 所学校将酒精基消毒剂涂抹在学校儿童的手上。主要结果是在研究期间，治疗组和对照组（2 所独立的学校）中没有任何肠胃炎发生的儿童比例。使用 Cox 比例风险模型评估风险比。次要结果是肠胃炎发作次数、看医生次数、缺勤和父母失去的工作日数。
每周收集了 4654 份问卷。在研究期间，有 155 名儿童至少出现 1 次肠胃炎：治疗组 64 名，对照组 91 名（χ2=16.4，P<0.0001）。在研究的任何时候，接受治疗的儿童的原发性感染瞬时风险比未接受治疗的儿童高 0.52（95%CI：[0.37，0.71]）。治疗组肠胃炎发作的平均次数为 0.31 次，对照组为 0.53 次（P<0.001）。
在流行季节系统和有控制地使用酒精基消毒剂可以显著降低小学生肠胃炎的发病率。
