Department of Biosystems, Division Livestock-Nutrition-Quality, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2011 Feb;158(2):215-20. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.10.031. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
It has been shown that during embryonic chicken (Gallus gallus) development, the metabolism of broiler embryos differs from that of layers in terms of embryonic growth, pCO2/pO2 blood levels, heat production, and heart rate. Therefore, these strains might adapt differently on extreme environmental factors such as exposure to high CO2. The aim of this study was to compare broiler and layer embryos in their adaptation to 4% CO2 from embryonic days (ED) 12 to 18. Due to hypercapnia, blood pCO2 increased in both strains. Blood bicarbonate concentration was ~10 mmol/L higher in embryos exposed to high CO2 of both strains, while the bicarbonates of broilers had ~5 mmol/L higher values than layer embryos. In addition, the pH increased when embryos of both strains were exposed to CO2. Moreover, under CO2 conditions, the blood potassium concentration increased in both strains significantly, reaching a plateau at ED14. At ED12, the layer strain had a higher increase in CAII protein in red blood cells due to incubation under high CO2 compared to the broiler strain, whereas at ED14, the broiler strain had the highest increase. In conclusion, the most striking observation was the similar mechanism of broiler and layer embryos to cope with high CO2 levels.
研究表明，在胚胎鸡（Gallus gallus）发育过程中，肉鸡胚胎和蛋鸡胚胎在胚胎生长、pCO2/pO2 血液水平、产热和心率方面的代谢存在差异。因此，这些鸡种在暴露于高 CO2 等极端环境因素时可能会有不同的适应能力。本研究旨在比较肉鸡和蛋鸡胚胎在 12 至 18 日龄胚胎期暴露于 4%CO2 时的适应能力。由于高碳酸血症，两种鸡种的血液 pCO2 均升高。暴露于高 CO2 下的两种鸡种的血液碳酸氢盐浓度均升高约 10mmol/L，而肉鸡的碳酸氢盐浓度比蛋鸡胚胎高约 5mmol/L。此外，两种鸡种的血液 pH 值在暴露于 CO2 时均升高。此外，在 CO2 条件下，两种鸡种的血液钾浓度均显著升高，在 ED14 时达到平台期。在 ED12 时，与肉鸡相比，蛋鸡因在高 CO2 下孵化，其红细胞 CAII 蛋白增加更多，而在 ED14 时，肉鸡的增加量最高。综上所述，最显著的观察结果是肉鸡和蛋鸡胚胎应对高 CO2 水平的相似机制。
