Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Public Health. 2010 Nov;38(5 Suppl):19-27. doi: 10.1177/1403494810385036.
The aim of this paper is to investigate anthropometric characteristics in 11-year-old Norwegian by gender and parental education, and to study associations between adolescents' overweight and waist circumference (WC) and maternal and paternal overweight and WC.
A total of 1483 adolescents, 1156 mothers, and 1016 fathers participated in the baseline survey of the HEalth In Adolescents (HEIA) study (September 2007). Anthropometric measures of the adolescents were assessed by project staff according to standard procedures. Self-reported data about pubertal status were collected through questionnaires. Parental education and anthropometric measures of parents were collected by self-report.
The prevalence of overweight (including obesity) determined by the cut-offs for body mass index (BMI) suggested by the International Obesity Task Force was 14.6% among girls and 13.6% among boys. The highest prevalence of overweight was observed among adolescents with parents who had less than 12 years of education (18.8%). Overweight and WC in girls was strongly associated with maternal overweight and WC. For boys, overweight and WC was strongly associated with both maternal and paternal overweight and WC.
There was a social gradient in anthropometric characteristics and overweight rates among Norwegian 11-year-old adolescents. Maternal overweight and WC was associated with overweight and WC in girls and boys, while paternal overweight and WC were associated with overweight and WC in boys. The results indicate that mothers are key persons in prevention of overweight among adolescents, despite gender. Fathers are important as role models for their sons. Targeting parental overweight/ obesity could be a strategy in future interventions.
本文旨在研究 11 岁挪威儿童的人体测量特征，按性别和父母教育程度进行分组，并研究青少年超重和腰围（WC）与母亲和父亲超重和 WC 之间的关联。
共有 1483 名青少年、1156 名母亲和 1016 名父亲参加了青少年健康研究（HEIA）的基线调查（2007 年 9 月）。项目工作人员按照标准程序对青少年的人体测量指标进行评估。通过问卷调查收集青少年青春期发育状况的自我报告数据。父母的教育程度和父母的人体测量指标由自我报告收集。
根据国际肥胖工作组提出的 BMI 切点确定的超重（包括肥胖）患病率，女孩为 14.6%，男孩为 13.6%。在父母受教育程度低于 12 年的青少年中，超重的患病率最高（18.8%）。女孩的超重和 WC 与母亲的超重和 WC 密切相关。对于男孩，超重和 WC 与母亲和父亲的超重和 WC 均密切相关。
挪威 11 岁青少年的人体测量特征和超重率存在社会梯度。母亲的超重和 WC 与女孩和男孩的超重和 WC 相关，而父亲的超重和 WC 与男孩的超重和 WC 相关。这些结果表明，尽管存在性别差异，但母亲是预防青少年超重的关键人物。父亲作为儿子的榜样也很重要。针对父母超重/肥胖可能是未来干预的一种策略。
