Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2011 Feb 10;333(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.12.008. Epub 2010 Dec 14.
The ovulatory process is characterized by tissue wounding and, after oocyte expulsion, by healing being connected to the formation of a corpus luteum (CL). The ovulatory event thus compares with a sterile inflammation. The concept is forwarded that the ovulatory process depends on innate immunity (INIM) function. The ultimate trigger for INIM signaling are danger signals/alarmins from granulosa cells damaged by oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), respectively. Alarmins like oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are recognized by cytokeratin-positive (CK(+)) granulosa cells with the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The subsequent inside-out signaling from the antrum towards the thecal cell layer comprises inflammation and tissue disintegration, which might be dominated by the myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) gateway. Additive or co-regulatory function are expected from the complement cascade for vessel permeability and leukocyte immigration and the wingless (WnT)-signaling for cell adhesion of CK(+) granulosa cells. The outside-in signaling relates to the repair phase, which is primarily controlled by the TIR-domain-containing adaptor protein producing IFN type I (TRIF) gateway of TLR signaling. The KIT/CD117 tyrosine kinase receptor and the tachykinin-tachykinin receptor system could be involved. The appealing concept of INIM function in the ovary is novel and inaugurates a novel research field.
排卵过程的特征是组织损伤，在卵母细胞排出后，与黄体（CL）形成相关的修复过程。排卵事件因此类似于无菌性炎症。提出排卵过程依赖于固有免疫（INIM）功能的概念。INIM 信号的最终触发因素分别是由氧化应激和活性氧（ROS）分别损伤的颗粒细胞释放的危险信号/警报素。像氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxLDL）这样的警报素被角蛋白阳性（CK(+))颗粒细胞识别，这些细胞表达 Toll 样受体 4（TLR4）。随后，从窦卵泡层向膜细胞层的内向外信号转导包括炎症和组织分解，这可能由髓样分化因子 88（Myd88）门控主导。补体级联反应预计具有血管通透性和白细胞迁移的附加或协同调节功能，而 Wnt 信号通路则用于 CK(+)颗粒细胞的细胞黏附。外向信号转导与修复阶段有关，该阶段主要由 TLR 信号的 TIR 结构域包含衔接蛋白产生 IFN 型 I（TRIF）门控控制。KIT/CD117 酪氨酸激酶受体和速激肽-速激肽受体系统可能参与其中。INIM 功能在卵巢中的这种吸引人的概念是新颖的，开创了一个新的研究领域。
