Kausik Ray, Carl A. Hansen, and Janet D. Robishaw are at the Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
Trends Cardiovasc Med. 1996 May;6(4):115-21. doi: 10.1016/1050-1738(96)00021-7.
A family of G proteins, composed of α, β, and γ subunits, plays a central role in coupling receptors to a variety of enzymes and ion channels. In the cardiovascular system, G proteins are involved in coupling receptors for epinephrine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, adenosine, angiotensin II, and endothelin to regulation of adenylyl cyclases, phospholipases, and ion channels. For many years, the classic view has been that G protein α subunits provide the requisite specificity for receptor and effector interactions. Recent advances, however, have revealed that the β and γ subunits also play prominent roles in transducing information from receptors to the appropriate effectors. With the identification of multiple subtypes of β and γ subunits in the heart, questions are raised regarding their respective roles in signal transduction processes regulating cardiac function.
G 蛋白家族由α、β和γ亚基组成，在将受体与多种酶和离子通道偶联中起着核心作用。在心血管系统中，G 蛋白参与将肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、乙酰胆碱、腺苷、血管紧张素 II 和内皮素的受体与腺苷酸环化酶、磷脂酶和离子通道的调节偶联。多年来，经典观点一直认为 G 蛋白α亚基为受体和效应器相互作用提供了必要的特异性。然而，最近的进展表明，β和γ亚基在将信息从受体传递到适当的效应器方面也起着重要作用。随着心脏中多种β和γ亚基亚型的鉴定，人们对它们在调节心脏功能的信号转导过程中的各自作用提出了疑问。
