Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim (CIMH), University of Heidelberg, J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2011 Apr;13(2):147-55. doi: 10.1007/s11920-011-0176-4.
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) currently represent the most systematic approach to genetic research into complex disorders. They can detect associations of common variants in genomic regions in the absence of an a priori assumption. Most of the GWAS of addiction performed to date have focused on alcohol dependence or smoking behavior. Four GWAS of alcohol dependence have been published thus far, and only two single nucleotide polymorphisms have received modest support of replication in a subsequent study. Many more GWAS have been conducted for smoking behavior. One large, single GWAS and meta-analyses of the phenotype "smoking quantity" have generated convincing evidence for the contribution of variants in genes for cholinergic nicotinic receptor subunits. This article focuses on GWAS of alcohol addiction and provides an overview of GWAS of other substance abuse disorders.
全基因组关联研究（GWAS）目前是遗传研究复杂疾病最系统的方法。它们可以在没有先验假设的情况下检测基因组区域中常见变异的关联。迄今为止，大多数成瘾的 GWAS 都集中在酒精依赖或吸烟行为上。迄今为止已经发表了四项酒精依赖的 GWAS，只有两个单核苷酸多态性在随后的研究中得到了适度的复制支持。更多的 GWAS 已经针对吸烟行为进行了研究。一项大型的、单一的 GWAS 和对表型“吸烟量”的荟萃分析为胆碱能烟碱受体亚基基因变异对吸烟行为的贡献提供了令人信服的证据。本文重点介绍酒精成瘾的 GWAS，并概述其他物质滥用障碍的 GWAS。
