The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction, Morrison Hall 302, 1165 E. Third St., Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Horm Behav. 2011 May;59(5):717-29. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.01.005. Epub 2011 Jan 25.
During the 20th century there were clear indications that the socio-cultural suppression of women's sexuality had lessened, revealing a marked variability of women's sexual expression. In this article we review the recent literature to explore explanations for this variability. It is clear that we know little about the nature of sexual desire, and in particular, what it is that is desired. There is also now substantial evidence that vaginal response, as measured by vaginal pulse amplitude, is a relatively automatic response to perception of sexual stimuli, regardless of whether these stimuli are perceived positively or result in subjective arousal. This is considered as a possible mechanism that allows vaginal intercourse without pain, even when the woman is not sexually aroused. The roles of androgens and estrogen in women's sexuality remain uncertain. The evidence is, however, consistent with there being a testosterone-dependent component of women's sexuality that is more important for some women than others. Finally, a new theoretical model is presented that aims to resolve these uncertainties and that proposes different types of women's sexuality. Once we have a better understanding of "normal" female sexuality, in its various forms, our ability to develop effective treatments for women's sexual problems should improve.
在 20 世纪，有明显的迹象表明，女性性行为的社会文化抑制已经减轻，揭示了女性性行为表达的明显可变性。在本文中，我们回顾了最近的文献，以探讨这种可变性的解释。很明显，我们对性欲望的本质知之甚少，特别是对所渴望的东西知之甚少。现在也有大量证据表明，阴道反应（通过阴道脉搏振幅测量）是对性刺激感知的相对自动反应，无论这些刺激是被感知为积极的还是导致主观唤醒。这被认为是一种可能的机制，允许阴道性交而不会疼痛，即使女性没有性唤起。雄激素和雌激素在女性性行为中的作用仍然不确定。然而，证据与女性性行为中有一个依赖于睾丸激素的成分一致，对于某些女性来说，这个成分比其他女性更为重要。最后，提出了一个新的理论模型，旨在解决这些不确定性，并提出了不同类型的女性性行为。一旦我们对各种形式的“正常”女性性行为有了更好的理解，我们开发女性性功能障碍有效治疗方法的能力就应该会提高。
