Murlimanju B V, Prabhu Latha V, Pai Mangala M, Jaffar Mir, Saralaya Vasudha V, Tonse Mamatha, M D Prameela
Manipal University, Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India.
Turk Neurosurg. 2011 Jan;21(1):36-8.
The objectives were to find the incidence and topography of the occipital emissary foramina in skulls of South Indian Region.
In the present study, 78 dried adult human skulls were examined. They were analyzed for the gross incidence and position of the occipital emissary foramen. The observations were made in the squamous part of the occipital bone from the posterior margin of the foramen magnum to the external occipital protuberance.
From our observations, the occipital emissary foramen was present in 11 (14.1%) skulls. Left sided foramen was observed in 5 cases (6.4%), right-sided foramen in 4 (5.1%) and the median foramen was seen in 2 (2.6%) of the cases.
The occipital emissary vein is present in a small percentage (14.1%) of cases. It was also demonstrated that its location is variable as to left, right or midline. Its location was closer to the foramen magnum than to the external occipital protuberance in all the specimens. The morphology of this subject is important to the neurosurgeons and plastic surgeons. The knowledge is of importance in suboccipital craniotomies as this foramen transmits the occipital emissary vein and will keep awareness among the surgeons to avoid the excessive bleeding.
本研究旨在确定南印度地区颅骨中枕导静脉孔的发生率及位置分布。
本研究中，对78具干燥的成人颅骨进行了检查。分析枕导静脉孔的总体发生率及位置。观察范围为枕骨鳞部，从枕骨大孔后缘至枕外隆凸。
通过观察发现，11具（14.1%）颅骨存在枕导静脉孔。其中，左侧有5例（6.4%），右侧有4例（5.1%），正中孔有2例（2.6%）。
枕导静脉孔在少数病例（14.1%）中存在。其位置在左侧、右侧或中线处存在差异。在所有标本中，其位置更靠近枕骨大孔而非枕外隆凸。该结构的形态对神经外科医生和整形外科医生而言具有重要意义。这一知识在枕下开颅手术中很重要，因为该孔会传导枕导静脉，有助于外科医生避免术中过度出血。
