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基于水下测听反应时间的近阈等响曲线:初步研究 。

Near-threshold equal-loudness contours for harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) derived from reaction times during underwater audiometry: a preliminary study.

机构信息

Sea Mammal Research Company (SEAMARCO), Julianalaan 46, 3843 CC Harderwijk, The Netherlands.

出版信息

J Acoust Soc Am. 2011 Jan;129(1):488-95. doi: 10.1121/1.3518779.

Abstract

Equal-loudness functions describe relationships between the frequencies of sounds and their perceived loudness. This pilot study investigated the possibility of deriving equal-loudness contours based on the assumption that sounds of equal perceived loudness elicit equal reaction times (RTs). During a psychoacoustic underwater hearing study, the responses of two young female harbor seals to tonal signals between 0.125 and 100 kHz were filmed. Frame-by-frame analysis was used to quantify RT (the time between the onset of the sound stimulus and the onset of movement of the seal away from the listening station). Near-threshold equal-latency contours, as surrogates for equal-loudness contours, were estimated from RT-level functions fitted to mean RT data. The closer the received sound pressure level was to the 50% detection hearing threshold, the more slowly the animals reacted to the signal (RT range: 188-982 ms). Equal-latency contours were calculated relative to the RTs shown by each seal at sound levels of 0, 10, and 20 dB above the detection threshold at 1 kHz. Fifty percent detection thresholds are obtained with well-trained subjects actively listening for faint familiar sounds. When calculating audibility ranges of sounds for harbor seals in nature, it may be appropriate to consider levels 20 dB above this threshold.

摘要

等响函数描述了声音频率与其感知响度之间的关系。这项初步研究旨在探讨基于等响假设(即感知响度相等的声音会引起相等的反应时间 (RT))来推导等响曲线的可能性。在一项水下听觉心理学研究中,研究人员对两只年轻雌性港湾海豹对 0.125 至 100 kHz 之间的音调信号的反应进行了拍摄。逐帧分析用于量化 RT(声音刺激开始与海豹离开监听站开始移动之间的时间)。通过拟合平均 RT 数据,从 RT 水平函数中估计出近阈等时线轮廓作为等响轮廓的替代物。接收声压级越接近 50%检测听力阈值,动物对信号的反应就越慢(RT 范围:188-982 ms)。等时线轮廓是相对于每个海豹在 1 kHz 时检测阈值以上 0、10 和 20 dB 处的 RT 计算的。50%检测阈值是通过对微弱熟悉声音进行积极聆听的训练有素的受试者获得的。在计算自然状态下港湾海豹的声音可听范围时,考虑比该阈值高 20 dB 的水平可能是合适的。

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