Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 665 Fairfield Rd., Yeerongpilly, Queensland 4105, Australia.
J Econ Entomol. 2010 Dec;103(6):2155-63. doi: 10.1603/ec09403.
Gamma-Cyhalothrin was proposed as an agent for management of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), in Australian broiler houses. From 2007 to 2009, baseline susceptibility of 20 Australian broiler farm beetle populations plus an insecticide-susceptible laboratory population was determined for gamma-cyhalothrin by using topical application. In addition, repeat testing and regression analyses of specific beetle populations to gamma-cyhalothrin showed that topical application was a very reliable and repeatable testing method. The 21 populations were tested with a cyfluthrin discriminating concentration (based on LC(99.9), 0.0007% [AI]) to identify possible cross-resistance. Across all populations, there was a significant linear relationship between the gamma-cyhalothrin LC50 value and mortality induced by the cyfluthrin LC(99.9). Full cyfluthrin baseline studies of seven populations indicated that gamma-cyhalothrin was twice as toxic as cyfluthrin, even against susceptible beetles and resistance ratios at the cyfluthrin LC50 and LC(99.9), varied considerably, with maxima of 56.6 and 83.6 respectively. Corresponding ratios for gamma-cyhalothrin for the same populations were 8.6 (LC50) and 7.9 (LC(99.9)). There were no significant correlations between beetle weights and gamma-cyhalothrin LC50 or LC(99.9), values. A discriminating concentration of 0.005% (AI) gamma-cyhalothrin was chosen to detect any future changes in susceptibility. Results of this study suggest that cyfluthrin can confer cross-resistance to gamma-cyhalothrin in A. diaperinus, but the magnitude of this resistance is unpredictable. Thus, widespread and frequent cyfluthrin use in broiler houses in eastern Australia, which has selected for cyfluthrin resistance, also has resulted in reduced susceptibility to gamma-cyhalothrin. Due to its higher relative toxicity, gamma-cyhalothrin is still potentially useful for management of lesser mealworm, but due to cross-resistance issues, adoption of gamma-cyhalothrin for broiler house use will require a cautious and judicious approach.
氯氰菊酯被提议用于管理澳大利亚肉鸡舍中的少鳞皮蠢（Alphitobius diaperinus）（鞘翅目：皮蠢科）。2007 年至 2009 年，采用涂抹法对 20 个澳大利亚肉鸡舍甲虫种群和一个杀虫剂敏感的实验室种群进行了氯氰菊酯的基础敏感性测定。此外，对特定甲虫种群进行的氯氰菊酯重复测试和回归分析表明，涂抹法是一种非常可靠和可重复的测试方法。用一种氟氯氰菊酯鉴别浓度（基于 LC（99.9），0.0007%[AI]）测试 21 个种群，以确定可能的交互抗性。在所有种群中，氯氰菊酯 LC50 值与氟氯氰菊酯诱导的死亡率之间存在显著的线性关系。对 7 个种群进行的氟氯氰菊酯全基线研究表明，氯氰菊酯对氟氯氰菊酯的毒性是其 2 倍，甚至对敏感甲虫也是如此，氟氯氰菊酯 LC50 和 LC（99.9）的抗性比值差异很大，最大值分别为 56.6 和 83.6。对于同一种群，氯氰菊酯的相应比值分别为 8.6（LC50）和 7.9（LC（99.9））。甲虫体重与氯氰菊酯 LC50 或 LC（99.9）值之间无显著相关性。选择 0.005%（AI）氯氰菊酯作为鉴别浓度，以检测未来敏感性的任何变化。本研究结果表明，氟氯氰菊酯可使 A. diaperinus 对氯氰菊酯产生交互抗性，但这种抗性的程度是不可预测的。因此，在澳大利亚东部广泛且频繁地使用氟氯氰菊酯来防治肉鸡舍中的害虫，导致对氟氯氰菊酯产生抗性，也降低了对氯氰菊酯的敏感性。由于其相对毒性较高，氯氰菊酯仍然可用于管理少鳞皮蠢，但由于存在交互抗性问题，在肉鸡舍中使用氯氰菊酯需要谨慎和明智的方法。
