塞尔维亚7至14岁学龄儿童贫血相关危险因素：首次全国健康调查结果
Risk factors associated with anemia among Serbian school-age children 7-14 years old: results of the first national health survey.
作者信息
Djokic D, Drakulovic M B, Radojicic Z, Crncevic Radovic L, Rakic L, Kocic S, Davidovic G
出版信息
Hippokratia. 2010 Oct;14(4):252-60.
BACKGROUND
Anemia in school-age children is an important public health problem and available data of its prevalence and existing risk factors are essential for planning preventive strategies. The purpose of the current study was to assess the prevalence of and the risk factors associated with anemia among the school-age children 7-14 years years old in Serbia.
METHODS
In the 2000 National Health Survey, a cross-sectional, multistage cluster survey, performed in 1688 private and refugee campuses households across the territory of Serbia a total of 525 cases were recruited. Socioeconomic, nutritional, physical activities and lifestyle data have been collected and hemoglobin levels were determined.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of anemia was 18% (94/525) [95% CI 15-21]. Age of 12-14 yrs (odds ratio 3.56 [95% CI 2.17-5.85], p=0.000), male gender (3.22 [1.92-5.42], p=0.000), refugee campuses residence (1.98 [1.22- 3.23], p=0.000), lunch skipping (3.43 [1.40-8.33], p=0.007), defective poultry intake (1.65 [1.01-2.62], p=0.047), lack of fish consumption (1.84 [1.07-3.18], p=0.028), disagreement that sport contributes protecting health (3.80 [2.02-6.95], p=0.000), absence of learning (1.80 [1.12-2.90], p=0.016) and defective book reading in free time (2.18 [1.03-4.61], p=0.04), were independent risk factors of anemia. The frequency of anemia was highest in schoolaged of male gender adolescent males 12-14 years old (46/105, 44%); in 12-14 years aged participants living in refugee campuses' households (22/63, 35%); in refugees of 7-14 yrs old male gender (32/101, 32%); in subjects with defective fish and poultry intake (35/118, 30%) and in participants who escaped reading and learning as lifestyle practices in free time (53/204, 26%).
CONCLUSIONS
Socioeconomic, nutritional, physical and lifestyle risk factors could be considered by introducing preventive strategies of anemia in school-age children in Serbia.
背景
学龄儿童贫血是一个重要的公共卫生问题，其患病率及现有风险因素的可用数据对于制定预防策略至关重要。本研究的目的是评估塞尔维亚7至14岁学龄儿童中贫血的患病率及其相关风险因素。
方法
在2000年全国健康调查中，对塞尔维亚境内1688个私立和难民校区家庭进行了一项横断面、多阶段整群调查，共招募了525例病例。收集了社会经济、营养、体育活动和生活方式数据，并测定了血红蛋白水平。
结果
贫血的总体患病率为18%（94/525）[95%置信区间15 - 21]。12至14岁（优势比3.56 [95%置信区间2.17 - 5.85]，p = 0.000）、男性（3.22 [1.92 - 5.42]）、难民校区居住（1.98 [1.22 - 3.23]）、不吃午餐（3.43 [1.40 - 8.33]）、家禽摄入量不足（1.65 [1.01 - 2.62]）、不吃鱼（1.84 [1.07 - 3.18]）、不认同运动有助于保护健康（3.80 [2.02 - 6.95]）、不学习（1.80 [1.12 - 2.90]）以及业余时间阅读书籍不足（2.18 [1.03 - 4.61]）是贫血的独立风险因素。贫血发生率在12至14岁男性青少年中最高（46/105，44%）；在居住在难民校区家庭的12至14岁参与者中（22/63，35%）；在7至14岁男性难民中（32/101，32%）；在家禽和鱼类摄入量不足的受试者中（35/118，30%）以及在业余时间逃避阅读和学习的参与者中（53/204，26%）。
结论
在塞尔维亚制定学龄儿童贫血预防策略时，可考虑社会经济、营养、身体和生活方式等风险因素。
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