Savoia Paolo
University of Pisa, Italy.
Hist Human Sci. 2010;23(5):17-41. doi: 10.1177/0952695110375040.
The aim of this article is to understand an important passage in the history of the sciences of the psyche: starting from the psychiatric problematization - and the consequent emergence - of the concept and the object called "sexuality" in the second half of the 19th century, it attempts to show a series of continuities and discontinuities between this kind of reasoning and the birth of psychoanalysis in the first years of the 20th century. The particular focus is therefore directed on two texts: Krafft-Ebing's "Psychopathia Sexualis" and Freud's "Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality." The argument runs along three intertwined axes: (1) an historico-epistemological analysis of the concepts and their transformations in the field of the science of sexuality; (2) an analysis of the power relationships between patients and physicians; and (3) an account of the psychiatric technologies of the self that have as an effect the emergence of new forms of "objective" knowledge of the subject. The broader goal is to trace a map of the simultaneous and correlate coming into being and transformations both of new forms of objects and of new forms of subjects through the mediation of scientific concepts and techniques.
从19世纪下半叶“性取向”这一概念和对象在精神病学领域中的问题化以及随之而来的出现入手，试图展现此类推理与20世纪初精神分析学诞生之间的一系列连续性和非连续性。因此，特别关注两篇文本：克拉夫特 - 埃宾的《性心理变态》和弗洛伊德的《性学三论》。论证沿着三条相互交织的轴线展开：（1）对性科学领域中概念及其转变的历史认识论分析；（2）对患者与医生之间权力关系的分析；（3）对自我的精神病学技术的描述，这些技术导致了关于主体的新“客观”知识形式的出现。更广泛的目标是通过科学概念和技术的中介，描绘一幅新对象形式和新主体形式同时且相关的产生与转变的图谱。
