VA Northern California Health Care System, Martinez, CA 94553, USA.
Neuroimage. 2011 Jun 1;56(3):1655-65. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.02.070. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
Neuroimaging studies have utilized two primary tasks to assess motor response inhibition, a major form of inhibitory control: the Go/NoGo (GNG) task and the Stop-Signal Task (SST). It is unclear, however, whether these two tasks engage identical neural systems. This question is critical because assumptions that both tasks are measuring the same cognitive construct have theoretical and practical implications. Many papers have focused on a right hemisphere dominance for response inhibition, with the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) receiving the bulk of attention. Others have emphasized the role of the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA). The current study performed separate quantitative meta-analyses using the Activation Likelihood Estimate (ALE) method to uncover the common and distinctive clusters of activity in GNG and SST. Major common clusters of activation were located in the right anterior insula and the pre-SMA. Insular activation was right hemisphere dominant in GNG but more bilaterally distributed in SST. Differences between the tasks were observed in two major cognitive control networks: (1) the fronto-parietal network that mediates adaptive online control, and (2) the cingulo-opercular network implicated in maintaining task set (Dosenbach et al., 2007) and responding to salient stimuli (Seeley et al., 2007). GNG engaged the fronto-parietal control network to a greater extent than SST, with prominent foci located in the right MFG and right inferior parietal lobule. Conversely, SST engaged the cingulo-opercular control network to a greater extent, with more pronounced activations in the left anterior insula and bilateral thalamus. The present results reveal the anterior insula's importance in response inhibition tasks and confirm the role of the pre-SMA. Furthermore, GNG and SST tasks are not completely identical measures of response inhibition, as they engage overlapping but distinct neural circuits.
神经影像学研究利用两种主要任务来评估运动反应抑制，这是抑制控制的主要形式：Go/NoGo（GNG）任务和停止信号任务（SST）。然而，尚不清楚这两个任务是否涉及相同的神经系统。这个问题至关重要，因为假设这两个任务都在测量相同的认知结构具有理论和实际意义。许多论文都侧重于反应抑制的右半球优势，主要关注额下回（IFG）和额中回（MFG）。其他人则强调了预备运动区（pre-SMA）的作用。本研究使用激活似然估计（ALE）方法分别进行了定量荟萃分析，以揭示 GNG 和 SST 中活动的共同和独特集群。主要的共同激活集群位于右侧前岛叶和预备运动区。在 GNG 中，岛叶激活呈右半球优势，但在 SST 中更为双侧分布。在两个主要的认知控制网络中观察到任务之间的差异：（1）介导自适应在线控制的额顶网络，以及（2）与维持任务集有关的扣带回网络（Dosenbach 等人，2007 年）和对突出刺激的反应（Seeley 等人，2007 年）。GNG 比 SST 更广泛地参与额顶控制网络，突出焦点位于右侧 MFG 和右侧下顶叶。相反，SST 更广泛地参与扣带回控制网络，左前岛叶和双侧丘脑的激活更为明显。本研究结果揭示了前岛叶在反应抑制任务中的重要性，并证实了预备运动区的作用。此外，GNG 和 SST 任务不是反应抑制的完全相同的测量方法，因为它们涉及重叠但不同的神经回路。
