Department of Pediatrics, Daisan Hospital, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
J Palliat Med. 2011 May;14(5):560-2. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2010.0475. Epub 2011 Mar 8.
Education for medical students is crucial to providing pediatric palliative care (PPC). However, few comprehensive curricula of PPC exist in Japan.
This study aimed to identify and explore the need for education of, as well as the impact of that education on, medical students in Japan.
The participants were 5th-year medical students (n = 30) who studied in our hospital from April 2009 to March 2010.
DESIGN/METHODS: The first survey questionnaire was administered before, during, and after a small group lecture on PPC, followed by a discussion. The lecture discussed and imparted knowledge about general principles of PPC. The second survey questionnaire was administered in September 2010 to determine students understanding and attitudes about PPC.
In the first survey, none of the students reported any exposure to PPC through textbooks or lectures prior to the lecture. In addition, all of them defined PPC as pain management in end-of-life care for children with cancer. The survey also indicated that after the lecture, they understood the principles of PPC well. Although they scored low in their understanding of PPC in the second survey, their attitude toward the lecture was positive.
DISCUSSIONS/CONCLUSIONS: This study provided the first opportunity to effectively understand the effect of education on PPC in the short term. However, this effect was inadequate in the long term. Development of organized medical education systems with a primary focus on PPC is urgently needed. Discussion with professionals from multiple disciplines with regard to ethical, legal, and cultural issues, and social consensus are necessary to develop good educational systems.
对医学生进行教育对于提供儿童姑息治疗（PPC）至关重要。然而，日本几乎没有综合性 PPC 课程。
本研究旨在确定并探讨日本医学生对 PPC 教育的需求以及该教育对他们的影响。
参与者为 2009 年 4 月至 2010 年 3 月在我院学习的五年级医学生（n=30）。
设计/方法：在 PPC 小组讲座之前、期间和之后，先进行第一次问卷调查，然后进行讨论。讲座讨论并传授了 PPC 的一般原则知识。在 2010 年 9 月进行了第二次问卷调查，以确定学生对 PPC 的理解和态度。
在第一次调查中，在讲座之前，没有学生报告通过教科书或讲座接触过 PPC。此外，他们都将 PPC 定义为癌症晚期儿童临终关怀中的疼痛管理。调查还表明，讲座后，他们很好地理解了 PPC 的原则。尽管他们在第二次调查中对 PPC 的理解得分较低，但他们对讲座的态度是积极的。
讨论/结论：本研究首次有机会在短期内有效了解 PPC 教育的效果。然而，从长期来看，这种效果并不理想。迫切需要开发以 PPC 为重点的有组织的医学教育系统。需要与多个学科的专业人员就伦理、法律和文化问题进行讨论，并达成社会共识，以制定良好的教育系统。
