Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Street, Madison, WI 53703, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2011 Feb;104(1):115-24. doi: 10.1603/ec10253.
Methyl salicylate, an herbivore-induced plant volatile, has been shown to attract natural enemies and affect herbivore behavior. In this study, methyl salicylate was examined for its attractiveness to natural enemies of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and for its direct effects on soybean aphid population growth rates. Methyl salicylate lures were deployed in plots within organic soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] fields. Sticky card traps adjacent to and 1.5 m from the lure measured the relative abundance of natural enemies, and soybean aphid populations were monitored within treated and untreated plots. In addition, exclusion cage studies were conducted to determine methyl salicylate's effect on soybean aphid population growth rates in the absence of natural enemies. Significantly greater numbers of syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) and green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) were caught on traps adjacent to the methyl salicylate lure, but no differences in abundance were found at traps 1.5 m from the lure. Furthermore, abundance of soybean aphids was significantly lower in methyl salicylate-treated plots. In exclusion cage studies, soybean aphid numbers were significantly reduced on treated soybean plants when all plants were open to natural enemies. When plants were caged, however, soybean aphid numbers and population growth rates did not differ between treated and untreated plants suggesting no effect of methyl salicylate on soybean aphid reproduction and implicating the role of natural enemies in depressing aphid populations. Although aphid populations were reduced locally around methyl salicylate lures, larger scale studies are needed to assess the technology at the whole-field scale.
水杨酸甲酯，一种取食诱导的植物挥发物，已被证明可以吸引天敌并影响植食性昆虫的行为。在这项研究中，研究了水杨酸甲酯对大豆蚜（Aphis glycines Matsumura）（半翅目：蚜科）天敌的吸引力及其对大豆蚜种群增长率的直接影响。在有机大豆（Glycine max（L.）Merr.）田内的小区中部署了水杨酸甲酯诱饵。位于诱饵旁和 1.5 米处的粘性卡片陷阱测量了天敌的相对丰度，同时监测了处理和未处理小区内的大豆蚜种群。此外，还进行了排除笼研究，以确定在没有天敌的情况下水杨酸甲酯对大豆蚜种群增长率的影响。在诱饵旁的陷阱中捕获到的食蚜蝇（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）和草蛉（Neuroptera：草蛉科）的数量显著增加，但在距离诱饵 1.5 米的陷阱中未发现丰度差异。此外，在水杨酸甲酯处理的小区中，大豆蚜的数量明显减少。在排除笼研究中，当所有植株都对天敌开放时，处理过的大豆植株上的大豆蚜数量明显减少。然而，当植株被笼住时，处理和未处理的植株之间大豆蚜的数量和种群增长率没有差异，这表明水杨酸甲酯对大豆蚜的繁殖没有影响，并暗示了天敌在抑制蚜虫种群方面的作用。尽管在水杨酸甲酯诱饵周围局部降低了蚜虫种群，但需要进行更大规模的研究来评估该技术在整个田间范围内的效果。
