Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Science. 2011 Mar 25;331(6024):1565-70. doi: 10.1126/science.1203486.
Understanding how the immune system affects cancer development and progression has been one of the most challenging questions in immunology. Research over the past two decades has helped explain why the answer to this question has evaded us for so long. We now appreciate that the immune system plays a dual role in cancer: It can not only suppress tumor growth by destroying cancer cells or inhibiting their outgrowth but also promote tumor progression either by selecting for tumor cells that are more fit to survive in an immunocompetent host or by establishing conditions within the tumor microenvironment that facilitate tumor outgrowth. Here, we discuss a unifying conceptual framework called "cancer immunoediting," which integrates the immune system's dual host-protective and tumor-promoting roles.
了解免疫系统如何影响癌症的发生和发展一直是免疫学中最具挑战性的问题之一。过去二十年的研究有助于解释为什么这个问题长期以来一直困扰着我们。我们现在认识到，免疫系统在癌症中起着双重作用：它不仅可以通过破坏癌细胞或抑制其生长来抑制肿瘤生长，还可以通过选择更适合在免疫功能正常的宿主中生存的肿瘤细胞，或通过在肿瘤微环境中建立促进肿瘤生长的条件，来促进肿瘤的进展。在这里，我们讨论了一个被称为“癌症免疫编辑”的统一概念框架，该框架整合了免疫系统的双重宿主保护和肿瘤促进作用。
