de Ruiter M
3M Nederland B.V., Leiden, The Netherlands.
Ergonomics. 1990 Mar;33(3):383-5. doi: 10.1080/00140139008927140.
Despite advances in tool and machine design and a growing emphasis on safety, the potential for certain painful and expensive occupational injuries continues in the workplace. Wrist and low-back injuries are a case in point. Low-back pain is clearly the most costly occupational health problem. About half of all back injuries result from poor lifting and handling techniques. In order to augment the effect of training and educating workers in lifting techniques, safety consultants have been suggesting that certain at-risk groups be provided with flexible, externally worn lower-back support. Susceptibility to repetitive strain injuries to the wrist, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, is not limited to users of heavy industrial machinery. Actions that cause the wrist to deviate from the neutral position, as well as repeated gripping and squeezing, can lead to median nerve compression. A useful supplement to the standard preventive approach is the use of palm pads.
尽管工具和机器设计取得了进步，并且越来越重视安全，但工作场所中某些痛苦且昂贵的职业伤害风险依然存在。手腕和下背部受伤就是一个典型例子。下背痛显然是最昂贵的职业健康问题。所有背部损伤中约有一半是由于不良的搬运和处理技术造成的。为了增强对工人进行搬运技术培训和教育的效果，安全顾问一直建议为某些高危人群提供灵活的、可外部穿戴的下背部支撑装置。手腕重复性劳损损伤（如腕管综合征）的易感性并不局限于重型工业机械的使用者。导致手腕偏离中立位置的动作以及反复的抓握和挤压，都可能导致正中神经受压。标准预防方法的一个有用补充是使用掌垫。
