Department of Cell Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
J Physiol Sci. 2011 Jul;61(4):267-78. doi: 10.1007/s12576-011-0144-0. Epub 2011 Apr 3.
Despite substantial efforts, the entire cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein proved to be difficult for structural analysis at high resolution, and little is still known about the actual dimensions of the anion-transporting pathway of CFTR channel. In the present study, we therefore gauged geometrical features of the CFTR Cl(-) channel pore by a nonelectrolyte exclusion technique. Polyethylene glycols with a hydrodynamic radius (R (h)) smaller than 0.95 nm (PEG 300-1,000) added from the intracellular side greatly suppressed the inward unitary anionic conductance, whereas only molecules with R (h) ≤ 0.62 nm (PEG 200-400) applied extracellularly were able to affect the outward unitary anionic currents. Larger molecules with R (h) = 1.16-1.84 nm (PEG 1,540-3,400) added from either side were completely excluded from the pore and had no significant effect on the single-channel conductance. The cut-off radius of the inner entrance of CFTR channel pore was assessed to be 1.19 ± 0.02 nm. The outer entrance was narrower with its cut-off radius of 0.70 ± 0.16 nm and was dilated to 0.93 ± 0.23 nm when a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog, 5'-adenylylimidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP), was added to the intracellular solution. Thus, it is concluded that the structure of CFTR channel pore is highly asymmetric with a narrower extracellular entrance and that a dilating conformational change of the extracellular entrance is associated with the channel transition to a non-hydrolytic, locked-open state.
尽管已经付出了大量努力,但整个囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节因子 (CFTR) 蛋白仍难以进行高分辨率的结构分析,人们对 CFTR 通道阴离子转运途径的实际尺寸仍知之甚少。因此,在本研究中,我们采用非电解质排斥技术来测量 CFTR Cl(-) 通道孔的几何特征。从细胞内侧添加的水力学半径 (R (h)) 小于 0.95nm 的聚乙二醇 (PEG 300-1,000) 极大地抑制了内向单阴离子电导,而仅当 R (h) ≤ 0.62nm(PEG 200-400)的分子从细胞外侧施加时,才能影响外向单阴离子电流。从两侧添加的 R (h) = 1.16-1.84nm(PEG 1,540-3,400)的较大分子完全被排斥在孔外,对单通道电导没有显著影响。CFTR 通道孔内入口的截止半径被评估为 1.19 ± 0.02nm。外入口更窄,其截止半径为 0.70 ± 0.16nm,当向细胞内溶液中添加非水解型 ATP 类似物 5'-腺嘌呤核苷酰亚咪唑二磷酸 (AMP-PNP) 时,外入口会扩张至 0.93 ± 0.23nm。因此,可以得出结论,CFTR 通道孔的结构具有高度的不对称性,外入口较窄,并且外入口的扩张构象变化与通道向非水解、锁定开放状态的转变有关。