Feifel David, Shilling Paul D, Melendez Gilia
Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-8218, USA.
Behav Neurosci. 2011 Apr;125(2):268-72. doi: 10.1037/a0022691.
Unmedicated schizophrenia patients exhibit deficits in prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response. Similar deficits can be induced in rodents via a variety of manipulations and these deficits can be reversed by antipsychotics. Brown Norway (BN) rats exhibit natural PPI deficits under certain parametric conditions. We treated BN rats with haloperidol or clozapine to determine if the BN rat is a useful animal model with predictive validity for the effects of antipsychotics. In addition, we also tested PD149163, a neurotensin-1 receptor agonist, which has been shown to exhibit antipsychotic-like effects in several other animal models. BN rats received subcutaneous injections of either saline or one of two doses of haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg), clozapine (7.5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) or PD149163 (1.0 mg/kg, 2.0 mg/kg). PPI was measured in startle chambers 30 min after injection. Systemic clozapine and PD149163 but not haloperidol facilitated PPI in BN rats (p < .001). This drug response profile suggests that the BN rat may be useful for detecting atypical antipsychotics and antipsychotics with novel mechanisms of action. The results also add to the evidence suggesting that PD149163 may have antipsychotic properties.
未接受药物治疗的精神分裂症患者在听觉惊吓反应的前脉冲抑制(PPI)方面存在缺陷。通过各种操作可在啮齿动物中诱导出类似的缺陷,且这些缺陷可被抗精神病药物逆转。在某些参数条件下,棕色挪威(BN)大鼠表现出自然的PPI缺陷。我们用氟哌啶醇或氯氮平治疗BN大鼠,以确定BN大鼠是否是一种对抗精神病药物效果具有预测效度的有用动物模型。此外,我们还测试了PD149163,一种神经降压素-1受体激动剂,它在其他几种动物模型中已显示出类似抗精神病的作用。BN大鼠皮下注射生理盐水或两种剂量的氟哌啶醇(0.5毫克/千克,1.0毫克/千克)、氯氮平(7.5毫克/千克,10毫克/千克)或PD149163(1.0毫克/千克,2.0毫克/千克)中的一种。注射后30分钟在惊吓箱中测量PPI。全身性氯氮平和PD149163而非氟哌啶醇促进了BN大鼠的PPI(p < .001)。这种药物反应模式表明BN大鼠可能有助于检测非典型抗精神病药物和具有新作用机制的抗精神病药物。结果还进一步证明PD149163可能具有抗精神病特性。