Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Campus Box 4620, Normal, IL 61790-4620, USA.
J Couns Psychol. 2011 Apr;58(2):257-71. doi: 10.1037/a0022680.
Multilevel modeling (MLM) is rapidly becoming the standard method of analyzing nested data, for example, data from students within multiple schools, data on multiple clients seen by a smaller number of therapists, and even longitudinal data. Although MLM analyses are likely to increase in frequency in counseling psychology research, many readers of counseling psychology journals have had only limited exposure to MLM concepts. This paper provides an overview of MLM that blends mathematical concepts with examples drawn from counseling psychology. This tutorial is intended to be a first step in learning about MLM; readers are referred to other sources for more advanced explorations of MLM. In addition to being a tutorial for understanding and perhaps even conducting MLM analyses, this paper reviews recent research in counseling psychology that has adopted a multilevel framework, and it provides ideas for MLM approaches to future research in counseling psychology.
多水平建模（MLM）正在迅速成为分析嵌套数据的标准方法，例如，来自多个学校的学生数据、由少数治疗师观察的多个客户的数据，甚至是纵向数据。尽管在咨询心理学研究中，MLM 分析的频率可能会增加，但咨询心理学杂志的许多读者对 MLM 概念的了解有限。本文提供了一个将数学概念与咨询心理学示例相结合的 MLM 概述。本教程旨在作为学习 MLM 的第一步；读者可以参考其他资源以更深入地了解 MLM。除了作为理解甚至可能进行 MLM 分析的教程外，本文还回顾了咨询心理学中采用多层次框架的最新研究，并为咨询心理学未来研究提供了 MLM 方法的思路。
