Bettschart-Wolfensberger Regula, Dicht Sidonia, Vullo Cecilia, Frotzler Angela, Kuemmerle Jan M, Ringer Simone K
Section of Anaesthesiology, Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2011 May;38(3):186-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00600.x.
To test if the addition of butorphanol by constant rate infusion (CRI) to medetomidine-isoflurane anaesthesia reduced isoflurane requirements, and influenced cardiopulmonary function and/or recovery characteristics.
Prospective blinded randomised clinical trial.
61 horses undergoing elective surgery.
Horses were sedated with intravenous (i.v.) medetomidine (7 μg kg(-1)); anaesthesia was induced with i.v. ketamine (2.2 mg kg(-1)) and diazepam (0.02 mg kg(-1)) and maintained with isoflurane and a CRI of medetomidine (3.5 μg kg(-1) hour(-1)). Group MB (n = 31) received butorphanol CRI (25 μg kg(-1) i.v. bolus then 25 μg kg(-1) hour(-1)); Group M (n = 30) an equal volume of saline. Artificial ventilation maintained end-tidal CO2 in the normal range. Horses received lactated Ringer's solution 5 mL kg(-1) hour(-1), dobutamine <1.25 μg kg(-1) minute(-1) and colloids if required. Inspired and exhaled gases, heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were monitored continuously; pH and arterial blood gases were measured every 30 minutes. Recovery was timed and scored. Data were analyzed using two way repeated measures anova, independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney Rank Sum test (p < 0.05).
There was no difference between groups with respect to anaesthesia duration, end-tidal isoflurane (MB: mean 1.06 ± SD 0.11, M: 1.05 ± 0.1%), MAP (MB: 88 ± 9, M: 87 ± 7 mmHg), heart rate (MB: 33 ± 6, M: 35 ± 8 beats minute(-1)), pH, PaO2 (MB: 19.2 ± 6.6, M: 18.2 ± 6.6 kPa) or PaCO2. Recovery times and quality did not differ between groups, but the time to extubation was significantly longer in group MB (26.9 ± 10.9 minutes) than in group M (20.4 ± 9.4 minutes).
Butorphanol CRI at the dose used does not decrease isoflurane requirements in horses anaesthetised with medetomidine-isoflurane and has no influence on cardiopulmonary function or recovery.
测试在美托咪定-异氟烷麻醉中持续输注布托啡诺是否能降低异氟烷需求量，并影响心肺功能和/或恢复特征。
前瞻性双盲随机临床试验。
61匹接受择期手术的马。
马静脉注射美托咪定（7μg/kg）进行镇静；静脉注射氯胺酮（2.2mg/kg）和地西泮（0.02mg/kg）诱导麻醉，并用异氟烷和持续输注美托咪定（3.5μg/kg·小时）维持麻醉。MB组（n = 31）接受布托啡诺持续输注（静脉推注25μg/kg，然后25μg/kg·小时）；M组（n = 30）接受等体积的生理盐水。人工通气维持呼气末二氧化碳在正常范围内。马每小时接受5mL/kg的乳酸林格氏液，必要时使用多巴酚丁胺<1.25μg/kg·分钟和胶体溶液。持续监测吸入和呼出气体、心率和平均动脉血压（MAP）；每30分钟测量pH值和动脉血气。记录恢复时间并评分。数据采用双向重复测量方差分析、独立t检验或曼-惠特尼秩和检验进行分析（p < 0.05）。
两组在麻醉持续时间、呼气末异氟烷（MB组：平均值1.06±标准差0.11，M组：1.05±0.1%）、MAP（MB组：88±9，M组：87±7mmHg）、心率（MB组：33±6，M组：35±8次/分钟）、pH值、PaO2（MB组：19.2±6.6，M组：18.2±6.6kPa）或PaCO2方面无差异。两组的恢复时间和质量无差异，但MB组的拔管时间（26.9±10.9分钟）明显长于M组（20.4±9.4分钟）。
所用剂量的布托啡诺持续输注不能降低美托咪定-异氟烷麻醉马的异氟烷需求量，对心肺功能或恢复无影响。
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