Department of Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, CA 90095-6904, USA.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2011 Jun;11(5):464-9. doi: 10.2174/187152011795677463.
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer related death in the United States, with a 5-year survival of less than five percent. Since the majority of patients have locally advanced or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, there has been little progress made to extend survival. For over ten years, chemotherapy with gemcitabine has been standard treatment for those patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, prolonging survival by only 5-6 months. To improve upon this modest benefit, several investigations have explored other strategies aimed at curbing pancreatic cancer growth. Because pancreatic cancer has been found to have a profoundly hypoxic environment with high vascular in-growth, several agents have been developed to target the angiogenesis process. Major emphasis has been placed on anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) models and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Over the past several years, a number of phase II and phase III trials have combined gemcitabine with these novel treatments, with the hope of prolonging survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. This review will discuss these therapies and their potential application in a clinical setting.
在美国，胰腺癌是导致癌症相关死亡的第四大原因，五年生存率不足 5%。由于大多数患者在诊断时已经处于局部晚期或转移性疾病，因此在延长生存期方面几乎没有取得任何进展。十多年来，吉西他滨化疗一直是晚期胰腺癌患者的标准治疗方法，仅将生存期延长了 5-6 个月。为了提高这一适度的疗效，一些研究探索了其他旨在抑制胰腺癌生长的策略。由于已经发现胰腺癌具有高度缺氧的环境和高血管生长，因此已经开发了几种针对血管生成过程的药物。主要重点放在抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）模型和表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）信号通路。在过去几年中，许多 II 期和 III 期试验已经将吉西他滨与这些新的治疗方法联合使用，希望延长胰腺癌患者的生存期。本文将讨论这些治疗方法及其在临床环境中的潜在应用。
