Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Prog Brain Res. 2011;190:137-43. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53817-8.00008-6.
Adolescence is accompanied by striking changes in sleep behavior and in the phenomenology of sleep. Maturational changes in the central nervous system underlie changes in adolescent sleep structure. Sleep behaviors change during adolescence in response to maturational changes in sleep regulatory processes and competing behaviors. This pattern leads to insufficient sleep for many teens on school nights. Associations of reduced sleep with poorer school performance beg the question of how prelearning and posttraining sleep affect the learning process. Thus, insufficient sleep can impair acquisition and retrieval when sleep reduction results in sleepiness, irritability, distractibility, inattention, and lack of motivation. Strong evidence indicates that adequate sleep enhances memory consolidation and resistance to interference. Hence, insufficient sleep can also threaten learning by jeopardizing this part of the memory formation process.
青春期伴随着睡眠行为和睡眠现象的显著变化。中枢神经系统的成熟变化是青少年睡眠结构变化的基础。青春期的睡眠行为会随着睡眠调节过程和竞争行为的成熟变化而发生变化。这种模式导致许多青少年在上学的晚上睡眠不足。睡眠减少与学业成绩下降之间的关联提出了一个问题，即预学习和后训练睡眠如何影响学习过程。因此，当睡眠减少导致困倦、易怒、注意力不集中、注意力不集中和缺乏动力时，睡眠不足会损害获取和检索。强有力的证据表明，充足的睡眠可以增强记忆巩固和对干扰的抵抗力。因此，睡眠不足也会通过危及记忆形成过程的这一部分来威胁学习。
