Department for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Int J Colorectal Dis. 2011 Sep;26(9):1087-97. doi: 10.1007/s00384-011-1196-6. Epub 2011 May 4.
Ischemic changes of the abdominal organs are crucial since they develop slowly and are therefore often diagnosed at a late stage. Due to this general aspect, mortality from this disease could not be significantly reduced over the last decade. One of the main causes of these high mortality rates is the insufficient integration of the overall clinical picture into the diagnostic work-up. Acute mesenteric ischemia should be differentiated from chronic visceral ischemia. Acute intestinal ischemia is a vascular emergency with a mortality rate of 60-80%. The incidence of chronic visceral vascular disorders accounts for approximately 1-2% of all abdominal conditions and has to be differentiated from the acute form, since intestinal ischemia has a progressive nature and usually is related to general atherosclerotic disease. Therefore, this condition is associated with an increase of arteriosclerotic-related multimorbidity in an increasingly elderly population. Due to excellent collateralization, extensive chronic occlusion processes affecting the visceral arteries can be asymptomatically treated on a long-term basis.
腹部器官的缺血性改变至关重要，因为它们发展缓慢，因此通常在晚期才被诊断出来。由于这种普遍情况，过去十年中，这种疾病的死亡率并没有显著降低。造成这些高死亡率的主要原因之一是整体临床情况没有充分纳入诊断工作中。急性肠系膜缺血需要与慢性内脏缺血相区别。急性肠缺血是一种血管急症，死亡率为 60-80%。慢性内脏血管疾病的发病率约占所有腹部疾病的 1-2%，需要与急性形式相区别，因为肠缺血具有进行性，通常与全身性动脉粥样硬化疾病有关。因此，这种情况与日益老龄化人口中与动脉粥样硬化相关的多种合并症的增加有关。由于良好的侧支循环，广泛的影响内脏动脉的慢性闭塞过程可以在长期无症状的情况下得到治疗。
