Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2011 Jun;16(3):281-8. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0b013e32834664df.
To summarize the pulmonary complications seen in cirrhosis.
The definition of portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) has been refined to exclude cardiac disease. POPH may be treated with a variety of agents; inhaled agents are particularly useful in the peri-transplant period. Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) remains refractory to medical therapy.
Cirrhosis may be complicated by one of two pulmonary vascular complications, portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) and hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). POPH is a syndrome of increased vascular resistance, initiated by pulmonary vascular spasm. HPS is caused by intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunting with resultant hypoxemia. Both conditions are associated with portal hypertension, but are unrelated to the degree of portal hypertension, the nature or severity of the liver disease, and are associated with mortality in excess of the model for end-stage liver disease score. POPH is usually responsive to vasodilators, while HPS remains resistant to therapeutic agents. Both conditions are improved or cured by liver transplantation.
总结肝硬化相关的肺部并发症。
已对门脉高压性肺高血压（POPH）的定义进行了细化，以排除心脏疾病。可使用多种药物治疗 POPH；在移植前期间，吸入性药物特别有用。肝肺综合征（HPS）仍对药物治疗无反应。
肝硬化可能并发两种肺血管并发症中的一种，即门脉高压性肺高血压（POPH）和肝肺综合征（HPS）。POPH 是一种血管阻力增加的综合征，由肺血管痉挛引起。HPS 是由肺内动静脉分流引起的，导致低氧血症。这两种情况均与门脉高压相关，但与门脉高压的程度、肝脏疾病的性质或严重程度无关，并且与终末期肝病模型评分的死亡率相关。POPH 通常对血管扩张剂有反应，而 HPS 对治疗药物仍有抵抗力。这两种情况都可以通过肝移植得到改善或治愈。
