Rispel Laetitia C, Metcalf Carol A, Moody Kevin, Cloete Allanise, Caswell Georgina
Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Reprod Health Matters. 2011 May;19(37):184-93. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(11)37552-0.
This article reports on the influence of HIV on sexual relations and childbearing decisions of 36 HIV-discordant couples, 26 in South Africa and 10 in Tanzania, recruited into an exploratory study through hospital antiretroviral treatment clinics and civil society organisations working with people living with HIV. Self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain social and demographic information, while couples' sexual relations and childbearing decisions were explored through in-depth, semi-structured individual and couple interviews. The majority of the HIV-positive partners were women, who were on antiretroviral treatment. Almost one-third of South African respondents and half of those in Tanzania reported experiences of tension related to HIV-discordance, while more than half of the South Africans and almost three-quarters of the Tanzanians reported that intimacy had been affected by their discordant status. Those without children were more likely to desire children (17/23) than those who already had children (16/44), although this desire was influenced by fear of HIV transmission to the negative partner and medical professional advice. The study points to the need for targeted information for HIV discordant couples, as well as couple counselling and support services.
本文报告了艾滋病毒对36对一方感染艾滋病毒而另一方未感染的夫妇的性关系和生育决定的影响。这些夫妇中，26对来自南非，10对来自坦桑尼亚，他们是通过医院抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所和与艾滋病毒感染者合作的民间社会组织招募进入一项探索性研究的。通过自行填写问卷获取社会和人口信息，同时通过深入的、半结构化的个人及夫妇访谈来探究夫妇的性关系和生育决定。大多数艾滋病毒呈阳性的伴侣是正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性。近三分之一的南非受访者以及一半的坦桑尼亚受访者表示经历过与艾滋病毒感染状况不一致相关的紧张情绪，而超过一半的南非人和近四分之三的坦桑尼亚人表示他们的亲密关系受到了双方感染状况不一致的影响。没有孩子的人（17/23）比已经有孩子的人（16/44）更想要孩子，不过这种愿望受到了担心将艾滋病毒传染给未感染一方以及医学专业建议的影响。该研究指出，需要为一方感染艾滋病毒而另一方未感染的夫妇提供有针对性的信息，以及夫妇咨询和支持服务。
