Weirauch Matthew T, Hughes T R
Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada,
Subcell Biochem. 2011;52:25-73. doi: 10.1007/978-90-481-9069-0_3.
Transcription factors (TFs) play key roles in the regulation of gene expression by binding in a sequence-specific manner to genomic DNA. In eukaryotes, DNA binding is achieved by a wide range of structural forms and motifs. TFs are typically classified by their DNA-binding domain (DBD) type. In this chapter, we catalogue and survey 91 different TF DBD types in metazoa, plants, fungi, and protists. We briefly discuss well-characterized TF families representing the major DBD superclasses. We also examine the species distributions and inferred evolutionary histories of the various families, and the potential roles played by TF family expansion and dimerization.
转录因子（TFs）通过以序列特异性方式结合基因组DNA在基因表达调控中发挥关键作用。在真核生物中，DNA结合通过多种结构形式和基序实现。转录因子通常根据其DNA结合结构域（DBD）类型进行分类。在本章中，我们对后生动物、植物、真菌和原生生物中的91种不同转录因子DBD类型进行编目和概述。我们简要讨论了代表主要DBD超类的特征明确的转录因子家族。我们还研究了各个家族的物种分布和推断的进化历史，以及转录因子家族扩张和二聚化所起的潜在作用。
