[The historic-cultural evolution of the children hospitalization].

The aim of describing an history of children-hospitalization is to underline the hard process in which the child has been recognized as an active and independent subject, a person with rights. In this long historic-cultural process, the important birth of Pediatrics at the end of the XIXth century testifies a change that implies the awareness of the subject's particular diversity of treatment and the new sensibility gained during the Enlightenment. This sensibility, close to the psychological needs of an hospitalized child, opened new possibilities of making the children-hospitalization more human, combining the physical and psychological sides.