Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2011 Aug;301(2):L137-47. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00071.2010. Epub 2011 May 13.
Hyaluronan (HA) has diverse functions in normal lung homeostasis and pulmonary disease. HA constitutes the major glycosaminoglycan in lung tissue, with HA degradation products, produced by hyaluronidase enzymes and reactive oxygen species, being implicated in several lung diseases, including acute lung injury, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary hypertension. The differential activities of HA and its degradation products are due, in part, to regulation of multiple HA-binding proteins, including cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), HA-binding protein 2 (HABP2), and receptor for HA-mediated motility (RHAMM). Recent research indicates that exogenous administration of high-molecular-weight HA can serve as a novel therapeutic intervention for lung diseases, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury, sepsis/ventilator-induced lung injury, and airway hyperreactivity. This review focuses on the regulatory role of HA and HA-binding proteins in lung pathology and discusses the capacity of HA to augment and inhibit various lung diseases.
透明质酸 (HA) 在正常肺稳态和肺部疾病中具有多种功能。HA 是肺组织中主要的糖胺聚糖，其降解产物由透明质酸酶和活性氧产生，与多种肺部疾病有关，包括急性肺损伤、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和肺动脉高压。HA 及其降解产物的不同活性部分归因于多种 HA 结合蛋白的调节，包括分化群 44 (CD44)、Toll 样受体 4 (TLR4)、HA 结合蛋白 2 (HABP2) 和 HA 介导的运动受体 (RHAMM)。最近的研究表明，外源性给予高分子量 HA 可以作为肺部疾病的一种新的治疗干预措施，包括脂多糖 (LPS) 诱导的急性肺损伤、脓毒症/呼吸机诱导的肺损伤和气道高反应性。本文重点讨论了 HA 和 HA 结合蛋白在肺病理学中的调节作用，并讨论了 HA 增强和抑制各种肺部疾病的能力。
