Bruun N E, Skøtt P, Damkjaer Nielsen M, Rasmussen S, Schütten H J, Leth A, Pedersen E B, Giese J
Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Glostrup University Hospital, Hvidøre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Hypertens. 1990 Mar;8(3):219-27.
In a comparative study the influence of changes in dietary sodium intake on blood pressure, renal function, extracellular fluid volume, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and plasma concentrations of arginine vasopressin, atrial natriuretic factor and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) was investigated in 12 patients with essential hypertension and in 10 normotensive controls. The subjects were studied after 4 days on a low (50 mmol/day), medium (180 mmol/day) or high (380 mmol/day) sodium intake. Renal sodium handling was assessed by simultaneous measurements of 51Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), lithium and sodium clearances. Identical values for the extracellular fluid volume, glomerular filtration rate and proximal and distal tubular resorption rates of sodium and water were found in the hypertensive patients and the controls at all three levels of sodium intake. In both groups, raising the sodium intake from low to high significantly increased 51Cr-EDTA and lithium clearance (an indirect measure of end-proximal fluid delivery), with intermediate values for the medium-sodium diet. The estimated values of fractional proximal and distal sodium resorption decreased when sodium intake was raised; the absolute proximal sodium resorption rate did not change, whereas the absolute distal sodium resorption rate as well as the extracellular fluid volume and sodium clearance increased. Blood pressure and the heart rate were unaffected by sodium intake. In both hypertensives and controls, plasma concentrations of active renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone decreased with increasing sodium intake, arginine vasopressin did not change, and atrial natriuretic factor and cyclic GMP increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在一项对比研究中，对12例原发性高血压患者和10例血压正常的对照者，研究了饮食中钠摄入量的变化对血压、肾功能、细胞外液量、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统以及精氨酸加压素、心钠素和环磷酸鸟苷（GMP）血浆浓度的影响。受试者在低钠（50 mmol/天）、中钠（180 mmol/天）或高钠（380 mmol/天）摄入情况下，经过4天的观察。通过同时测量51Cr-乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）、锂和钠清除率来评估肾脏对钠的处理。在所有三个钠摄入水平下，高血压患者和对照者的细胞外液量、肾小球滤过率以及近端和远端肾小管对钠和水的重吸收率均相同。在两组中，将钠摄入量从低提高到高会显著增加51Cr-EDTA和锂清除率（近端液体输送的间接指标），中钠饮食时处于中间值。当钠摄入量增加时，近端和远端钠重吸收分数的估计值下降；近端钠绝对重吸收率不变，而远端钠绝对重吸收率以及细胞外液量和钠清除率增加。血压和心率不受钠摄入量的影响。在高血压患者和对照者中，活性肾素、血管紧张素II和醛固酮的血浆浓度均随钠摄入量增加而降低，精氨酸加压素不变，心钠素和环磷酸GMP增加。（摘要截短于250字）
