Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Community Paediatrics, School of Population Health—Tamaki Campus, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Arch Dis Child. 2011 Aug;96(8):744-51. doi: 10.1136/adc.2009.180596. Epub 2011 May 19.
A New Zealand serogroup B meningococcal epidemic prompted trials of a strain-specific (B:4:P1.7-2,4) outer membrane vesicle vaccine (MeNZB).
Adults, school children, and infants provided serum after three MeNZB doses to evaluate antibody persistence via serum bactericidal assay. Toddler (16-24 months) non-responders and responders received a fourth MeNZB dose 11 and 17 months after dose three respectively. Response was a ≥4-fold rise in bactericidal titre to a titre of ≥8.
Geometric mean bactericidal titres (GMTs), with 95% CI, after dose 3: adults: 27 (14-52), 5 (3-11), and 7 (3-15) at 1, 10, and 22 months; school children: 18 (13-25) and 4 (3-6) at 1 and 4 months; infants: 27 (19-39) and 2 (2-3) at 1 and 7 months. The titre achieved after priming significantly influenced persistence. Toddler non-responder GMTs were 4 (3-5) and 1 (1-1) at 1 and 11 months after dose 3 and 69 (46-106) 1 month after dose 4. Responder GMTs were 24 (19-30) and 3 (2-4) at 1 and 17 months after dose 3 and 259 (184-363) 1 month after dose 4. Dose 4 had no safety concerns.
Immune response to MeNZB was most sustained in adults. In infants, bactericidal titres decayed almost to baseline by 7 months after dose 3. Toddlers showed marked immune response following a fourth dose suggesting memory. Persisting antibody is likely to be necessary for ongoing protection, as seen with serogroup C meningococci.
新西兰 B 群脑膜炎球菌血清群暴发流行促使人们对 B 群脑膜炎球菌(B:4:P1.7-2,4)荚膜多糖疫苗(MeNZB)进行了临床试验。
在接受三剂 MeNZB 后,成年人、学童和婴儿提供血清,通过血清杀菌试验评估抗体持久性。16-24 月龄的幼儿(未应答者和应答者)在接种第三剂后 11 个月和 17 个月分别接受第四剂 MeNZB。应答者是杀菌抗体滴度较前升高≥4 倍,且达到≥8 倍。
接种第三剂后,几何平均杀菌滴度(GMT)(95%CI)为:成年人:1 个月时为 27(14-52)、5(3-11)和 7(3-15),10 个月时为 27(14-52)、5(3-11)和 7(3-15),22 个月时为 27(14-52)、5(3-11)和 7(3-15);学童:1 个月时为 18(13-25)和 4(3-6),4 个月时为 18(13-25)和 4(3-6);婴儿:1 个月时为 27(19-39)和 2(2-3),7 个月时为 27(19-39)和 2(2-3)。初次免疫接种后产生的抗体效价显著影响了持久性。未应答者在接种第三剂后 1 个月和 11 个月时的 GMT 分别为 4(3-5)和 1(1-1),接种第四剂后 1 个月时的 GMT 为 69(46-106);应答者在接种第三剂后 1 个月和 17 个月时的 GMT 分别为 24(19-30)和 3(2-4),接种第四剂后 1 个月时的 GMT 为 259(184-363)。第四剂无安全性问题。
MeNZB 免疫应答在成年人中最持久。在婴儿中,接种第三剂后 7 个月时,杀菌抗体效价几乎降至基线。幼儿在接种第四剂后表现出明显的免疫反应,提示存在记忆。与 C 群脑膜炎球菌一样,持续存在的抗体可能是持续保护所必需的。