UO Oculistica di Monselice, Padova, Italy.
J Glaucoma. 2011 Apr-May;20(4):234-9. doi: 10.1097/ijg.0b013e3181e0791c.
To compare the evolution of prostaglandin analog (PGA) and β-blocker (BB) prescriptions across 5 European countries.
Data were extracted from various sources: (1) IMS data for France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, (2) glaucoma-treated patients from the United Kingdom General Practice Research Database (UK-GPRD), (3) prescriptions delivered by the territorial pharmaceutical service of Monselice of the Padova region (Italy). Drugs were grouped into 3 classes: PGAs, BBs, and other drugs. Yearly market shares were calculated. Treatment persistence survival curves were estimated for Italian and UK data, and the 3 drug groups were compared using the Cochran Mantel Haenszel test.
According to Padova data, BBs decreased in market share, whereas PGAs increased. A linear extrapolation of these market shares, based on 1998 to 2003 data, predicted that the 2 curves should cross in 2005, a prediction reinforced by the European Medicines Agency authorization (2002) of PGAs as first-line glaucoma treatments. That this did not occur may be explained by Italy's refusal to reimburse PGAs as first-line therapy. IMS data identified Italy and Germany as 2 countries in which BBs are still more frequently prescribed than PGAs. Treatment persistence with PGAs as monotherapy, in PGA-naive patients, was longer than for BBs according to both Padova and UK-GPRD data. This held true for both first-line and second-line PGA prescriptions (UK-GPRD); the persistence of second-line PGA equalled first-line BB treatment.
Health care regulations impacted upon glaucoma prescribing and may be one of the reasons for different annual evolution rates of PGA and BB prescriptions.
比较 5 个欧洲国家前列腺素类似物（PGA）和β受体阻滞剂（BB）处方的变化趋势。
数据来自以下多个来源：（1）IMS 数据，涵盖法国、德国、意大利、西班牙和英国；（2）来自英国普通实践研究数据库（UK-GPRD）的青光眼治疗患者数据；（3）意大利帕多瓦地区蒙塞利切（Monselice）的地区制药服务处方。药物分为 3 类：PGA、BB 和其他药物。每年计算市场份额。对意大利和英国的数据进行治疗持续生存曲线估计，并使用 Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel 检验比较 3 个药物组。
根据帕多瓦的数据，BB 的市场份额减少，而 PGA 增加。根据 1998 年至 2003 年的数据对这些市场份额进行线性外推预测，两条曲线应在 2005 年交叉，这一预测得到了欧洲药品管理局（2002 年）批准 PGA 作为一线青光眼治疗药物的支持。但这并没有发生，这可能是因为意大利拒绝将 PGA 作为一线治疗药物报销。IMS 数据表明，意大利和德国是 BB 比 PGA 更常被开处方的 2 个国家。根据帕多瓦和 UK-GPRD 数据，PGA 单一疗法治疗的 PGA 初治患者的治疗持续时间长于 BB。这对一线和二线 PGA 处方均适用（UK-GPRD）；二线 PGA 的持久性与一线 BB 治疗相当。
医疗保健法规影响青光眼处方，可能是 PGA 和 BB 处方年变化率不同的原因之一。
