Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
Microbiol Immunol. 2011 Jul;55(7):459-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00343.x.
Autophagy is the host innate immune system's first line of defense against microbial intruders. When the innate defense system recognizes invading bacterial pathogens and their infection processes, autophagic proteins act as cytosolic sensors that allow the autophagic pathway to be rapidly activated. However, many intracellular bacterial pathogens deploy highly evolved mechanisms to evade autophagic recognition, manipulate the autophagic pathway, and remodel the autophagosomal compartment for their own benefit. Here current topics regarding the recognition of invasive bacteria by the cytosolic innate immune system are highlighted, including autophagy and the mechanisms that enable bacteria to evade autophagy. Also highlighted are some selective examples of bacterial activities that manipulate the autophagic pathways for their own benefit.
自噬是宿主固有免疫系统抵御微生物入侵的第一道防线。当固有防御系统识别入侵的细菌病原体及其感染过程时，自噬蛋白作为细胞质传感器发挥作用，使自噬途径能够迅速被激活。然而，许多细胞内细菌病原体采用高度进化的机制来逃避自噬识别、操纵自噬途径，并重塑自噬小体隔室以谋取自身利益。本文重点介绍了细胞质固有免疫系统识别入侵细菌的当前研究课题，包括自噬以及使细菌逃避自噬的机制。还突出了一些细菌为自身利益操纵自噬途径的选择性实例。
