Université de Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, France.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2011 Dec;25(8):1974-80. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.06.021. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
The use of chemical warfare agents such as VX in terrorism act might lead to contamination of the civilian population. Human scalp decontamination may require appropriate products and procedures. Due to ethical reasons, skin decontamination studies usually involve in vitro skin models, but human scalp skin samples are uncommon and expensive. The purpose of this study was to characterize the in vitro permeability to VX of human scalp, and to compare it with (a) human abdominal skin, and (b) pig skin from two different anatomic sites: ear and skull roof, in order to design a relevant model. Based on the VX skin permeation kinetics and distribution, we demonstrated that (a) human scalp was significantly more permeable to VX than abdominal skin and (b) pig-ear skin was the most relevant model to predict the in vitro human scalp permeability. Our results indicated that the follicular pathway significantly contributed to the skin absorption of VX through human scalp. In addition, the hair follicles and the stratum corneum significantly contributed to the formation of a skin reservoir for VX.
在恐怖主义行为中使用 VX 等化学战剂可能会导致平民受到污染。人体头皮的去污可能需要适当的产品和程序。由于伦理原因，皮肤去污研究通常涉及体外皮肤模型，但人体头皮皮肤样本很少且昂贵。本研究的目的是表征 VX 通过人体头皮的体外渗透性，并将其与 (a) 人体腹部皮肤和 (b) 来自两个不同解剖部位的猪皮进行比较：耳朵和头骨顶部，以设计相关模型。基于 VX 的皮肤渗透动力学和分布，我们证明 (a) 人体头皮对 VX 的渗透性明显高于腹部皮肤，(b) 猪耳皮是预测体外人体头皮渗透性的最相关模型。我们的结果表明，毛囊途径通过人体头皮显著促进了 VX 的皮肤吸收。此外，毛囊和角质层显著促成了 VX 的皮肤储库的形成。
