2008 年四川地震幸存者的横断面研究：创伤后应激障碍的患病率和危险因素。
A cross-sectional study among survivors of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake: prevalence and risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder.
机构信息
Uncertainty Decision-Making Laboratory, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
出版信息
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2011 Jul-Aug;33(4):386-92. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 Jun 11.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), explore the related risk factors among Sichuan earthquake survivors in different counties and compare the findings in our study to others.
METHOD
A cross-sectional sample survey was conducted to collect data in heavily (n=367) and moderately damaged counties (n=337). We used the PTSD Check List-Civilian Version (PCL-C), which consists of 17 items corresponding to each symptom of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition.
RESULTS
The prevalence of probable PTSD in heavily damaged counties (48.2%) was higher than that in moderately damaged counties (14.5%). Many associated risk factors were identified in the cross-sectional study.
CONCLUSION
Female, Han nationality, low monthly income, fear during earthquake and low social support in the past year were significant risk factors in heavily damaged counties, while the probable PTSD in moderately damaged counties was related to female, youth, fear during earthquake and low social support.
目的
本研究旨在估计四川地震幸存者中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率，探讨不同受灾县 PTSD 的相关危险因素，并将研究结果与其他研究进行比较。
方法
采用横断面抽样调查的方法，在重灾区（n=367）和中度灾区（n=337）收集数据。我们使用 PTSD 检查表-平民版（PCL-C），该量表由与《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版中 PTSD 每个症状相对应的 17 个条目组成。
结果
重灾区 PTSD 的患病率（48.2%）高于中度灾区（14.5%）。横断面研究确定了许多相关的危险因素。
结论
在重灾区，女性、汉族、低月收入、地震时的恐惧和过去一年中低社会支持是显著的危险因素，而中度灾区 PTSD 与女性、青年、地震时的恐惧和低社会支持有关。
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